योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-69

नाबुद्धिपूर्वं तत्कर्म संभवत्यङ्ग कस्यचित् ।
बुद्धिपूर्वं तु यद्व्यर्थं कुर्यादुन्मत्तको हि कः ॥ ६९ ॥

nābuddhipūrvaṃ tatkarma saṃbhavatyaṅga kasyacit ,
buddhipūrvaṃ tu yadvyarthaṃ kuryādunmattako hi kaḥ 69

69. na abuddhipūrvam tat karma saṃbhavati aṅga kasyacit
buddhipūrvam tu yat vyartham kuryāt unmattakaḥ hi kaḥ

69. aṅga kasyacit tat karma abuddhipūrvam na saṃbhavati
tu kaḥ unmattakaḥ hi yat buddhipūrvam vyartham kuryāt

69. My dear (aṅga), no action (karma) of anyone arises without some prior intention. Indeed, who would be so insane as to intentionally perform something that is utterly pointless?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अबुद्धिपूर्वम् (abuddhipūrvam) - unintentional, without prior intention, without forethought

• तत् (tat) - that

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

• संभवति (saṁbhavati) - arises, occurs, is possible, exists

• अङ्ग (aṅga) - my dear (my dear, O limb, O body part)

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone, of someone

• बुद्धिपूर्वम् (buddhipūrvam) - intentional, with forethought, preceded by intellect

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

• व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless, futile, pointless

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would do, should do, may do

• उन्मत्तकः (unmattakaḥ) - madman, insane person

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अबुद्धिपूर्वम् (abuddhipūrvam) - unintentional, without prior intention, without forethought

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abuddhipūrva

abuddhipūrva - unintentional, without forethought

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+buddhi+pūrva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, intention
  noun (feminine)
• pūrva – prior, preceding, former
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially here, qualifying 'saṃbhavati'

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, ritual, fate)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate

Derived from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

संभवति (saṁbhavati) - arises, occurs, is possible, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃbhav

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

अङ्ग (aṅga) - my dear (my dear, O limb, O body part)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of aṅga

aṅga - limb, body part, dear one

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone, of someone

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kimcid

kimcid - someone, something, anyone, anything

बुद्धिपूर्वम् (buddhipūrvam) - intentional, with forethought, preceded by intellect

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of buddhipūrva

buddhipūrva - intentional, with forethought

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (buddhi+pūrva)

• buddhi – intellect, intention
  noun (feminine)
• pūrva – preceding, former
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Functions adverbially here

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that

व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless, futile, pointless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyartha

vyartha - useless, futile, meaningless

Compound type : avyayībhāva (vi+artha)

• vi – apart, asunder, without (prefix)
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would do, should do, may do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

उन्मत्तकः (unmattakaḥ) - madman, insane person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of unmattaka

unmattaka - madman, insane

Derived from unmata with suffix ka

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

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