योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-64

तन्मात्रवेदनं भूयः पृथ्व्यादीनां च कारणम् ।
किमस्ति कथ्यतां छाया कथमास्ते वदातपे ॥ ६४ ॥

tanmātravedanaṃ bhūyaḥ pṛthvyādīnāṃ ca kāraṇam ,
kimasti kathyatāṃ chāyā kathamāste vadātape 64

64. tanmātravedanam bhūyah pṛthvīādīnām ca kāraṇam |
kim asti kathyatām chāyā katham āste vada ātapa

64. bhūyah tanmātravedanam ca pṛthvīādīnām
kāraṇam kim asti chāyā ātapa katham āste vada

64. Furthermore, what is the cause (kāraṇa) for the perception of subtle elements (tanmātravedanam) and for the earth (pṛthvī) and other gross elements? Please tell me, how can a shadow (chāyā) exist in direct sunlight (ātapa)?

Words meanings summery:

• तन्मात्रवेदनम् (tanmātravedanam) - the perception of subtle elements

• भूयह् (bhūyah) - again, further, moreover, greatly

• पृथ्वीआदीनाम् (pṛthvīādīnām) - of the earth and others, of the elements beginning with earth

• च (ca) - and, also

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told, please tell

• छाया (chāyā) - shadow, shade, reflection

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• आस्ते (āste) - exists, stays, sits

• वद (vada) - tell, speak

• आतप (ātapa) - sunlight, heat of the sun

Words meanings and morphology

तन्मात्रवेदनम् (tanmātravedanam) - the perception of subtle elements

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tanmātravedana

tanmātravedana - the perception of subtle elements

Compound formed by tanmātra (subtle element) and vedana (perception).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tanmātra+vedana)

• tanmātra – subtle element, proto-element, mere that
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of tad (that) and mātra (mere). In Sāṅkhya philosophy, the five tanmātras are the subtle elements of sound, touch, form, taste, and smell, from which the gross elements (mahābhūtas) arise.
• vedana – perception, feeling, knowing
  noun (neuter)
  From root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 4)

भूयह् (bhūyah) - again, further, moreover, greatly

(indeclinable)

Comparative form of bahu (much), used adverbially.

पृथ्वीआदीनाम् (pṛthvīādīnām) - of the earth and others, of the elements beginning with earth

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of pṛthvīādi

pṛthvīādi - earth and others, elements beginning with earth

Compound of pṛthvī (earth) and ādi (beginning/etc.).

Compound type : dvandva (pṛthvī+ādi)

• pṛthvī – earth, land, world
  noun (feminine)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so forth
  indeclinable (masculine)
  Used as a suffix to indicate a list 'and so on'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'tanmātravedanam' and 'pṛthvyādīnām'.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason

Nominative singular neuter of kāraṇa.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, whether

Nominative singular neuter of kim.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative

3rd person singular present active of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told, please tell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Imperative passive

3rd person singular imperative passive of root kath (denominative from kathā 'story').

Root: kath (class 10)

छाया (chāyā) - shadow, shade, reflection

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection

Nominative singular feminine of chāyā.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

आस्ते (āste) - exists, stays, sits

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present middle

3rd person singular present middle (ātmanepada) of root ās.

Root: ās (class 2)

वद (vada) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Imperative active

2nd person singular imperative active of root vad.

Root: vad (class 1)

आतप (ātapa) - sunlight, heat of the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātapa

ātapa - sunlight, heat of the sun

Nominative singular masculine of ātapa.