मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-3, verse-9
कथं वर्धेयुरबलाः खस्थान् द्रक्ष्याम्यहं कदा ।
कदा भूमेर्द्रुमं प्राप्तान् द्रक्ष्ये वृक्षान्तरं गतान् ॥९॥
कदा भूमेर्द्रुमं प्राप्तान् द्रक्ष्ये वृक्षान्तरं गतान् ॥९॥
9. kathaṃ vardheyurabalāḥ khasthān drakṣyāmyahaṃ kadā .
kadā bhūmerdrumaṃ prāptān drakṣye vṛkṣāntaraṃ gatān.
kadā bhūmerdrumaṃ prāptān drakṣye vṛkṣāntaraṃ gatān.
9.
katham vardheyuḥ abalāḥ khasthān drakṣyāmi aham kadā
kadā bhūmeḥ drumam prāptān drakṣye vṛkṣāntaram gatān
kadā bhūmeḥ drumam prāptān drakṣye vṛkṣāntaram gatān
9.
How will these weak ones grow? When will I see them flying in the sky? When will I see them, having reached a tree from the ground, move to another tree?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
- वर्धेयुः (vardheyuḥ) - may they grow, they should grow
- अबलाः (abalāḥ) - weak ones, helpless ones
- खस्थान् (khasthān) - those dwelling in the sky/air, flying
- द्रक्ष्यामि (drakṣyāmi) - I will see
- अहम् (aham) - I
- कदा (kadā) - when
- कदा (kadā) - when
- भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - from the earth/ground
- द्रुमम् (drumam) - to a tree
- प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - having reached, attained (masculine plural)
- द्रक्ष्ये (drakṣye) - I will see
- वृक्षान्तरम् (vṛkṣāntaram) - another tree, another part of a tree
- गतान् (gatān) - having gone, having reached (masculine plural)
Words meanings and morphology
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb
वर्धेयुः (vardheyuḥ) - may they grow, they should grow
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vṛdh
Optative mood, 3rd person plural, Active voice
From root vṛdh
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
Note: Subject is abalāḥ
अबलाः (abalāḥ) - weak ones, helpless ones
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of abalā
abalā - weak, helpless, feeble; a woman (often considered weak)
a (not) + bala (strength)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bala)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - bala – strength, power, force
noun (neuter)
Note: Subject of vardheyuḥ. Refers to the young ones (birds/children).
खस्थान् (khasthān) - those dwelling in the sky/air, flying
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of khastha
khastha - standing in the air/sky, flying, celestial
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kha+stha)
- kha – sky, air, ether
noun (neuter) - stha – standing, staying, being
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Object of drakṣyāmi. Referring to the young ones.
द्रक्ष्यामि (drakṣyāmi) - I will see
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dṛś
Future tense, 1st person singular, Active voice
From root dṛś
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Subject is aham
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we (pronoun, 1st person)
Note: Subject of drakṣyāmi
कदा (kadā) - when
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb of time
कदा (kadā) - when
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb of time
भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - from the earth/ground
(noun)
Ablative, feminine, singular of bhūmi
bhūmi - earth, ground, land
Note: Indicates origin or departure.
द्रुमम् (drumam) - to a tree
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of druma
druma - tree
Note: Object of prāptān (those having reached a tree).
प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - having reached, attained (masculine plural)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prāpta
prāpta - reached, attained, obtained
Past Passive Participle
pra + root āp (to obtain, reach)
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Modifies the implied object (the weak ones).
द्रक्ष्ये (drakṣye) - I will see
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of dṛś
Future tense, 1st person singular, Middle voice (Ātmanepada)
From root dṛś
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Subject is aham (implied).
वृक्षान्तरम् (vṛkṣāntaram) - another tree, another part of a tree
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛkṣāntara
vṛkṣāntara - another tree, interval between trees, inner part of a tree
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛkṣa+antara)
- vṛkṣa – tree
noun (masculine) - antara – other, another, interval, inner
adjective/noun (neuter)
Note: Object of gatān (those having gone to another tree).
गतान् (gatān) - having gone, having reached (masculine plural)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of gata
gata - gone, moved, reached, attained
Past Passive Participle
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Modifies the implied object (the weak ones).