मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-3, verse-50
योगमास्थाय विप्रेन्द्र त्यजेदं स्वं कलेवरम् ।
जीवज्जन्तुं हि विप्रेन्द्र न भक्षामि कदाचन ॥५०॥
जीवज्जन्तुं हि विप्रेन्द्र न भक्षामि कदाचन ॥५०॥
50. yogamāsthāya viprendra tyajedaṃ svaṃ kalevaram .
jīvajjantuṃ hi viprendra na bhakṣāmi kadācana.
jīvajjantuṃ hi viprendra na bhakṣāmi kadācana.
50.
yogaṃ āsthāya viprendra tyaja idaṃ svaṃ kalevaram
jīvat jantuṃ hi viprendra na bhakṣāmi kadācana
jīvat jantuṃ hi viprendra na bhakṣāmi kadācana
50.
O best among learned persons (viprendra), resorting to spiritual discipline (yoga), please abandon this body of yours. Indeed, O best among learned persons (viprendra), I never eat a living creature.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- योगम् (yogam) - yoga, union, spiritual discipline
- आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up
- विप्रेन्द्र (viprendra) - Vocative address to the sage. (O best among brahmins, O chief of the learned)
- त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, forsake, give up
- इदम् (idam) - Refers to 'your body'. (this, this one)
- स्वं (svaṁ) - one's own, your own
- कलेवरम् (kalevaram) - body, physical frame
- जीवत् (jīvat) - Modifies 'jantuṃ' (a living creature). Though jīvat is nom/acc sing neuter or stem, it functions here as an adjective for the masculine jantuṃ. This might imply a poetic usage or simplified inflection. (living, alive)
- जन्तुं (jantuṁ) - creature, living being, animal
- हि (hi) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, for, because)
- विप्रेन्द्र (viprendra) - Vocative address to the sage. (O best among brahmins, O chief of the learned)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- भक्षामि (bhakṣāmi) - I eat, I consume
- कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time (with na, means never)
Words meanings and morphology
योगम् (yogam) - yoga, union, spiritual discipline
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga
yoga - union, junction; spiritual discipline, meditation; effort, connection
from root yuj (to join)
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Object of āsthāya.
आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Absolutive (krt suffix -tvā/(-ya)) form from root sthā (class 1) with upasarga ā-
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Functions as an indeclinable past participle.
विप्रेन्द्र (viprendra) - Vocative address to the sage. (O best among brahmins, O chief of the learned)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of viprendra
viprendra - chief of brahmins, best among the learned, brahmin-indra
Compound type : tatpurusha (vipra+indra)
- vipra – a brahmin, learned person, wise man
noun (masculine) - indra – chief, best (suffix), name of the deity Indra
noun (masculine)
त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, forsake, give up
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of tyaj
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Command form directed at the sage.
इदम् (idam) - Refers to 'your body'. (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
Note: Object of tyaja.
स्वं (svaṁ) - one's own, your own
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sva
sva - one's own, self, own property
Note: Agrees with kalevaram.
कलेवरम् (kalevaram) - body, physical frame
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kalevara
kalevara - body, physical frame, carcass
Note: Object of tyaja.
जीवत् (jīvat) - Modifies 'jantuṃ' (a living creature). Though jīvat is nom/acc sing neuter or stem, it functions here as an adjective for the masculine jantuṃ. This might imply a poetic usage or simplified inflection. (living, alive)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jīvat
jīvat - living, alive, existing
present active participle
Present active participle of root jīv (class 1), P. jīvati.
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: While the standard masculine accusative singular form would be jīvantam, jīvat is used here, possibly as a stem or a poetic license.
जन्तुं (jantuṁ) - creature, living being, animal
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of jantu
jantu - living being, creature, man, animal
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Object of bhakṣāmi.
हि (hi) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, for, because)
(indeclinable)
विप्रेन्द्र (viprendra) - Vocative address to the sage. (O best among brahmins, O chief of the learned)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of viprendra
viprendra - chief of brahmins, best among the learned, brahmin-indra
Compound type : tatpurusha (vipra+indra)
- vipra – a brahmin, learned person, wise man
noun (masculine) - indra – chief, best (suffix), name of the deity Indra
noun (masculine)
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
भक्षामि (bhakṣāmi) - I eat, I consume
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhakṣ
Present tense form, 1st person singular, from root bhakṣ (class 1).
Root: bhakṣ (class 1)
Note: Refers to the bird (Indra).
कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time (with na, means never)
(indeclinable)
Note: Forms 'never' when used with the negative particle 'na'.