मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-3, verse-29
यस्मिन् नराणां सर्वेषामशेषेच्छा निवर्तते ।
स कस्माद् वृद्धभावेऽपि सुनृशंसात्मको भवान् ॥२९॥
स कस्माद् वृद्धभावेऽपि सुनृशंसात्मको भवान् ॥२९॥
29. yasmin narāṇāṃ sarveṣāmaśeṣecchā nivartate .
sa kasmād vṛddhabhāve'pi sunṛśaṃsātmako bhavān.
sa kasmād vṛddhabhāve'pi sunṛśaṃsātmako bhavān.
29.
yasmin narāṇām sarveṣām aśeṣecchā nivartate saḥ
kasmāt vṛddhabhāve api sunṛśaṃsātmakaḥ bhavān
kasmāt vṛddhabhāve api sunṛśaṃsātmakaḥ bhavān
29.
At an age when all desires of men cease, why are you, even in your old age, still so exceptionally cruel-natured?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which, at which time
- नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of human beings
- सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all
- अशेषेच्छा (aśeṣecchā) - all desires (that normally persist) (all desires, complete desire)
- निवर्तते (nivartate) - ceases, turns away, retreats
- सः (saḥ) - referring to the demon (you) (he, that)
- कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what cause
- वृद्धभावे (vṛddhabhāve) - in old age, in the state of being old
- अपि (api) - even (in old age) (even, also, although)
- सुनृशंसात्मकः (sunṛśaṁsātmakaḥ) - very cruel-natured, having a very cruel nature
- भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)
Words meanings and morphology
यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which, at which time
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who
Note: Can also be neuter locative
नराणाम् (narāṇām) - of men, of human beings
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nara
nara - man, human being
सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, complete
Note: Agrees with 'narāṇām'
अशेषेच्छा (aśeṣecchā) - all desires (that normally persist) (all desires, complete desire)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of aśeṣecchā
aśeṣecchā - all desires, desire for all, complete desire
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśeṣa+icchā)
- aśeṣa – without remainder, complete, all
adjective (masculine)
Negation of 'śeṣa' (remainder) - icchā – desire, wish, inclination
noun (feminine)
From root 'iṣ' (to wish)
Root: iṣ (class 6)
निवर्तते (nivartate) - ceases, turns away, retreats
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
सः (saḥ) - referring to the demon (you) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what cause
(pronoun)
Ablative, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which, why
Note: Used adverbially to mean 'why'
वृद्धभावे (vṛddhabhāve) - in old age, in the state of being old
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vṛddhabhāva
vṛddhabhāva - state of being old, old age
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛddha+bhāva)
- vṛddha – old, aged, grown, increased
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root 'vṛdh' (to grow)
Root: vṛdh (class 1) - bhāva – state, condition, nature, sentiment, existence
noun (masculine)
From root 'bhū' (to be)
Root: bhū (class 1)
अपि (api) - even (in old age) (even, also, although)
(indeclinable)
सुनृशंसात्मकः (sunṛśaṁsātmakaḥ) - very cruel-natured, having a very cruel nature
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sunṛśaṃsātmaka
sunṛśaṁsātmaka - very cruel-natured, extremely wicked
Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (su+nṛśaṃsa+ātmaka)
- su – good, well, very, easily
indeclinable
Prefix - nṛśaṃsa – cruel, wicked, atrocious
adjective (masculine) - ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of
adjective (masculine)
Suffix derived from 'ātman'
भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat
bhavat - you (honorific), your worship, sir
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of root 'bhū' used as an honorific pronoun
Root: bhū (class 1)