मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-3, verse-58
श्रूयतां च महाभाग यथा लोको विमुह्यति ।
कामक्रोधादिभिर्देषैरवशः प्रबलारिभिः ॥५८॥
कामक्रोधादिभिर्देषैरवशः प्रबलारिभिः ॥५८॥
58. śrūyatāṃ ca mahābhāga yathā loko vimuhyati .
kāmakrodhādibhirdeṣairavaśaḥ prabalāribhiḥ.
kāmakrodhādibhirdeṣairavaśaḥ prabalāribhiḥ.
58.
śrūyatām ca mahā-bhāga yathā lokaḥ vimuhyati
kāma-krodha-ādibhiḥ doṣaiḥ avaśaḥ prabala-aribhiḥ
kāma-krodha-ādibhiḥ doṣaiḥ avaśaḥ prabala-aribhiḥ
58.
And listen, O venerable one, how people become deluded and helpless due to powerful enemies like desire (kāma), anger (krodha), and other vices.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - An imperative addressed to the sage. (let it be heard, listen)
- च (ca) - and, moreover
- महा-भाग (mahā-bhāga) - Addressing the great sage respectfully. (O venerable one, O fortunate one)
- यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner
- लोकः (lokaḥ) - Humanity in general. (the world, people)
- विमुह्यति (vimuhyati) - becomes deluded, is bewildered, confused
- काम-क्रोध-आदिभिः (kāma-krodha-ādibhiḥ) - Referring to the primary human passions. (by desire, anger, and others)
- दोषैः (doṣaiḥ) - Refers to negative qualities or impurities, such as desire and anger. (by faults, by vices, by defects)
- अवशः (avaśaḥ) - Describes the state of people when influenced by vices. (helpless, powerless, not in one's power)
- प्रबल-अरिभिः (prabala-aribhiḥ) - The vices like desire and anger are described as powerful enemies. (by powerful enemies)
Words meanings and morphology
श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - An imperative addressed to the sage. (let it be heard, listen)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śrū
imperative mood, middle voice
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: The active equivalent would be "śṛṇu" (you listen). This is "let it be heard (by you)".
च (ca) - and, moreover
(indeclinable)
महा-भाग (mahā-bhāga) - Addressing the great sage respectfully. (O venerable one, O fortunate one)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahā-bhāga
mahā-bhāga - highly fortunate, venerable, illustrious
Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bhāga)
- mahā – great, large
adjective (masculine) - bhāga – share, fortune, destiny
noun (masculine)
from root bhaj- 'to divide, distribute'
Root: bhaj (class 1)
यथा (yathā) - how, as, in what manner
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces a subordinate clause explaining the manner of delusion.
लोकः (lokaḥ) - Humanity in general. (the world, people)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, people, mankind
Root: lok (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'vimuhyati'.
विमुह्यति (vimuhyati) - becomes deluded, is bewildered, confused
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vimuh
present tense, active voice
Prefix: vi
Root: muh (class 4)
काम-क्रोध-आदिभिः (kāma-krodha-ādibhiḥ) - Referring to the primary human passions. (by desire, anger, and others)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāma-krodha-ādi
kāma-krodha-ādi - desire, anger, and so forth
Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (kāma+krodha+ādi)
- kāma – desire, lust, love
noun (masculine)
from root kam- 'to desire'
Root: kam (class 1) - krodha – anger, wrath
noun (masculine)
from root krudh- 'to be angry'
Root: krudh (class 4) - ādi – beginning, and so forth, etc.
indeclinable (masculine)
Note: Instrumental case indicating means or cause.
दोषैः (doṣaiḥ) - Refers to negative qualities or impurities, such as desire and anger. (by faults, by vices, by defects)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of doṣa
doṣa - fault, defect, vice, sin
from root duṣ- 'to be spoiled'
Root: duṣ (class 4)
Note: Instrumental case indicating means or cause.
अवशः (avaśaḥ) - Describes the state of people when influenced by vices. (helpless, powerless, not in one's power)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśa
avaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, not one's own master
from a- (negation) + vaśa (will, power)
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+vaśa)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - vaśa – will, power, control
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'lokaḥ'.
प्रबल-अरिभिः (prabala-aribhiḥ) - The vices like desire and anger are described as powerful enemies. (by powerful enemies)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of prabala-ari
prabala-ari - powerful enemy
Compound type : karmadharaya (prabala+ari)
- prabala – powerful, strong, mighty
adjective (masculine)
from pra-bal 'to be strong'
Prefix: pra
Root: bal (class 1) - ari – enemy, foe
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'doṣaiḥ'.