मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-3, verse-62
नृपस्य तस्य चत्वारो नाशमिच्छन्ति विद्विषः ।
कामः क्रोधस्तथा लोभो मोहश्चान्यस्तथा रिपुः ॥६२॥
कामः क्रोधस्तथा लोभो मोहश्चान्यस्तथा रिपुः ॥६२॥
62. nṛpasya tasya catvāro nāśamicchanti vidviṣaḥ .
kāmaḥ krodhastathā lobho mohaścānyastathā ripuḥ.
kāmaḥ krodhastathā lobho mohaścānyastathā ripuḥ.
62.
nṛpasya tasya catvāraḥ nāśam icchanti vidviṣaḥ kāmaḥ
krodhaḥ tathā lobhaḥ mohaḥ ca anyaḥ tathā ripuḥ
krodhaḥ tathā lobhaḥ mohaḥ ca anyaḥ tathā ripuḥ
62.
That king (puruṣa) has four adversaries who desire his destruction: desire, anger, greed, and another enemy, delusion.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - refers to the puruṣa, the king within the body-fortress (of the king)
- तस्य (tasya) - refers to the puruṣa, the king (of him, his)
- चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - the number of adversaries (four)
- नाशम् (nāśam) - the goal of the adversaries (destruction, ruin)
- इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - the action of the adversaries (they desire, they wish)
- विद्विषः (vidviṣaḥ) - refers to the four undesirable qualities (kāma, krodha, lobha, moha) (adversaries, enemies, hostile ones)
- कामः (kāmaḥ) - one of the four enemies (desire, lust, longing)
- क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - one of the four enemies (anger, wrath)
- तथा (tathā) - connects the list of enemies (thus, so, and)
- लोभः (lobhaḥ) - one of the four enemies (greed, avarice)
- मोहः (mohaḥ) - another one of the four enemies (delusion, infatuation, confusion)
- च (ca) - connects 'moha' as another enemy (and, also)
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - designates moha as 'another' enemy (another, other)
- तथा (tathā) - connects the last enemy in the list (thus, so, and)
- रिपुः (ripuḥ) - refers to moha as an enemy (enemy, foe)
Words meanings and morphology
नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - refers to the puruṣa, the king within the body-fortress (of the king)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler (protector of men)
From nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from root pā).
Root: pā (class 2)
तस्य (tasya) - refers to the puruṣa, the king (of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - the number of adversaries (four)
(numeral)
नाशम् (nāśam) - the goal of the adversaries (destruction, ruin)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nāśa
nāśa - destruction, ruin, loss
From root naś (to perish).
Root: naś (class 4)
इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - the action of the adversaries (they desire, they wish)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of iṣ
Present
Root iṣ, 6th conjugation (or 1st), Parasmaipada.
Root: iṣ (class 6)
विद्विषः (vidviṣaḥ) - refers to the four undesirable qualities (kāma, krodha, lobha, moha) (adversaries, enemies, hostile ones)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vidviṣ
vidviṣ - adversary, enemy, hostile
From vi-dviṣ (to hate).
Prefix: vi
Root: dviṣ (class 2)
कामः (kāmaḥ) - one of the four enemies (desire, lust, longing)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma
kāma - desire, wish, love, lust
From root kam (to desire).
Root: kam (class 1)
क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - one of the four enemies (anger, wrath)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha
krodha - anger, wrath, fury
From root krudh (to be angry).
Root: krudh (class 4)
तथा (tathā) - connects the list of enemies (thus, so, and)
(indeclinable)
From tad + thā (manner).
लोभः (lobhaḥ) - one of the four enemies (greed, avarice)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha
lobha - greed, avarice, covetousness
From root lubh (to covet).
Root: lubh (class 4)
मोहः (mohaḥ) - another one of the four enemies (delusion, infatuation, confusion)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of moha
moha - delusion, infatuation, confusion, ignorance
From root muh (to be bewildered).
Root: muh (class 4)
च (ca) - connects 'moha' as another enemy (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - designates moha as 'another' enemy (another, other)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Indefinite pronoun.
तथा (tathā) - connects the last enemy in the list (thus, so, and)
(indeclinable)
From tad + thā (manner).
रिपुः (ripuḥ) - refers to moha as an enemy (enemy, foe)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ripu
ripu - enemy, foe, adversary
From root rip (to hurt, injure).
Root: rip