महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-74

बहवश्च गतप्राणाः क्षत्रिया जयगृद्धिनः ।
भूमावभ्यपतन्राजञ्शरवृष्टिभिरावृताः ॥७४॥

74. bahavaśca gataprāṇāḥ kṣatriyā jayagṛddhinaḥ ,
bhūmāvabhyapatanrājañśaravṛṣṭibhirāvṛtāḥ.

74. bahavaḥ ca gata-prāṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ jaya-gṛddhinaḥ
bhūmau abhyapatan rājan śara-vṛṣṭibhiḥ āvṛtāḥ

74. rājan bahavaḥ ca jaya-gṛddhinaḥ kṣatriyāḥ
śara-vṛṣṭibhiḥ āvṛtāḥ gata-prāṇāḥ bhūmau abhyapatan

74. O King, many kṣatriya warriors, eager for victory, overwhelmed by showers of arrows, fell lifeless onto the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• च (ca) - and, also

• गत-प्राणाः (gata-prāṇāḥ) - lifeless, dead, whose life-breaths have departed

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriya warriors

• जय-गृद्धिनः (jaya-gṛddhinaḥ) - eager for victory

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• अभ्यपतन् (abhyapatan) - they fell down

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• शर-वृष्टिभिः (śara-vṛṣṭibhiḥ) - by showers of arrows

• आवृताः (āvṛtāḥ) - covered, overwhelmed, surrounded

Words meanings and morphology

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गत-प्राणाः (gata-prāṇāḥ) - lifeless, dead, whose life-breaths have departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata-prāṇa

gata-prāṇa - dead, lifeless, having lost life

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+prāṇa)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• prāṇa – life-breath, vital air, life, spirit
  noun (masculine)

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriya warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior caste, ruler, warrior

जय-गृद्धिनः (jaya-gṛddhinaḥ) - eager for victory

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jaya-gṛddhin

jaya-gṛddhin - eager for victory, greedy for success

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+gṛddhin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – eager, greedy, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gṛdh (to be eager).
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

अभ्यपतन् (abhyapatan) - they fell down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect

3rd person plural, active voice (parasmaipada) of root pat (class 1), with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शर-वृष्टिभिः (śara-vṛṣṭibhiḥ) - by showers of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of śara-vṛṣṭi

śara-vṛṣṭi - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vṛṣṭi)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower, fall (of something)
  noun (feminine)

आवृताः (āvṛtāḥ) - covered, overwhelmed, surrounded

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, concealed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Functions adjectivally.