महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-8

अश्वत्थामा तु हार्दिक्यमपोवाह यशस्विनम् ।
अथ शारद्वतोऽष्टाभिः प्रत्यविध्यद्युधिष्ठिरम् ॥८॥

8. aśvatthāmā tu hārdikyamapovāha yaśasvinam ,
atha śāradvato'ṣṭābhiḥ pratyavidhyadyudhiṣṭhiram.

8. aśvatthāmā tu hārdikyam apovāha yaśasvinam atha
śāradvataḥ aṣṭābhiḥ pratyavidhyat yudhiṣṭhiram

8. However, Aśvatthāmā carried away the glorious Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman). Then, Śāradvata (Kṛpa) struck Yudhiṣṭhira back with eight arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• हार्दिक्यम् (hārdikyam) - Hārdikya, Kṛtavarman

• अपोवाह (apovāha) - carried away, rescued

• यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - glorious, famous, illustrious

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• शारद्वतः (śāradvataḥ) - Śāradvata, Kṛpa

• अष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhiḥ) - by/with eight

• प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - he struck back, he pierced in return

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

हार्दिक्यम् (hārdikyam) - Hārdikya, Kṛtavarman

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - son of Hṛdika, Kṛtavarman

अपोवाह (apovāha) - carried away, rescued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of apovāha

Perfect tense (Lit) form of root 'vah' with prefix 'apa'.

Prefix: apa

Root: vah (class 1)

यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - glorious, famous, illustrious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, illustrious

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

शारद्वतः (śāradvataḥ) - Śāradvata, Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāradvata

śāradvata - son of Śaradvat, Kṛpa

अष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhiḥ) - by/with eight

(numeral)

Note: Used for all genders in instrumental plural.

प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - he struck back, he pierced in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of pratyavidhyat

Imperfect tense (Laṅ) form of root 'vyadh' with prefixes 'prati' and 'vi'.

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (eldest Pāṇḍava, son of Kuntī and Dharma)