महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-5

अनुमानेन युध्यन्ते संज्ञाभिश्च परस्परम् ।
तेषां क्षयो महानासीद्युध्यतामितरेतरम् ॥५॥

5. anumānena yudhyante saṁjñābhiśca parasparam ,
teṣāṁ kṣayo mahānāsīdyudhyatāmitaretaram.

5. anumānena yudhyante saṃjñābhiḥ ca parasparam
| teṣām kṣayaḥ mahān āsīt yudhyatām itaretaram

5. te anumānena ca saṃjñābhiḥ parasparam yudhyante
teṣām yudhyatām itaretaram mahān kṣayaḥ āsīt

5. They fought each other using inferences and signs. A great destruction occurred among them as they fought one another.

Words meanings summery:

• अनुमानेन (anumānena) - by inference, by conjecture, by estimation

• युध्यन्ते (yudhyante) - they fight, they are fighting

• संज्ञाभिः (saṁjñābhiḥ) - by signs, by signals, by indications

• च (ca) - and, also

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other, reciprocally

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, decay, loss, decline

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - of those fighting, among those who fought

• इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other, mutually

Words meanings and morphology

अनुमानेन (anumānena) - by inference, by conjecture, by estimation

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of anumāna

anumāna - inference, conclusion, conjecture, estimation

Derived from root mā (to measure, know) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: mā (class 3)

युध्यन्ते (yudhyante) - they fight, they are fighting

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of yudh

Present third person plural

From root yudh (class 4) in the middle voice.

Root: yudh (class 4)

संज्ञाभिः (saṁjñābhiḥ) - by signs, by signals, by indications

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of saṃjñā

saṁjñā - sign, signal, indication, symbol, name, consciousness

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other, reciprocally

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the warriors.

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, decay, loss, decline

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, loss, ruin, decrease, end

From root kṣi (to destroy).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, excellent

Stem is 'mahat'.

Note: Agrees with kṣayaḥ.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect third person singular

From root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - of those fighting, among those who fought

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yudhyat

yudhyat - fighting, battling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yudh (class 4).

Root: yudh (class 4)

इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form, from itara + itara (each other).

Compound type : dvandva (itara+itara)

• itara – other, another
  pronoun
• itara – other, another
  pronoun