महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-22, verse-4
तावकानां परेषां च देवासुररणोपमम् ।
परेषां तव सैन्ये च नासीत्कश्चित्पराङ्मुखः ॥४॥
परेषां तव सैन्ये च नासीत्कश्चित्पराङ्मुखः ॥४॥
4. tāvakānāṁ pareṣāṁ ca devāsuraraṇopamam ,
pareṣāṁ tava sainye ca nāsītkaścitparāṅmukhaḥ.
pareṣāṁ tava sainye ca nāsītkaścitparāṅmukhaḥ.
4.
tāvakānām pareṣām ca deva-asura-raṇa-upamam |
pareṣām tava sainye ca na āsīt kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ
pareṣām tava sainye ca na āsīt kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ
4.
tāvakānām ca pareṣām [yuddham] deva-asura-raṇa-upamam
ca pareṣām tava sainye kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ na āsīt
ca pareṣām tava sainye kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ na āsīt
4.
The battle between your forces and those of the enemy was like a war between gods and demons. And in both the enemy's army and your own, no one turned their back in retreat.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your people, of yours, of your side
- परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies, of others, of the opposite side
- च (ca) - and, also
- देव-असुर-रण-उपमम् (deva-asura-raṇa-upamam) - similar to the battle of gods and demons
- परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies, of others, of the opposite side
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, in the forces
- च (ca) - and, also
- न (na) - not, no
- आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, anyone, a certain one
- पराङ्मुखः (parāṅmukhaḥ) - turned away, retreating, fleeing
Words meanings and morphology
तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your people, of yours, of your side
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka
tāvaka - your, belonging to you, of your side
Possessive adjective derived from 'tvam' (you).
परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies, of others, of the opposite side
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of para
para - other, different, enemy, opposite, supreme
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
देव-असुर-रण-उपमम् (deva-asura-raṇa-upamam) - similar to the battle of gods and demons
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of devāsuraraṇopama
devāsuraraṇopama - resembling a battle between gods and demons
Compound.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (deva+asura+raṇa+upama)
- deva – god, deity
noun (masculine) - asura – demon, titan (opponents of gods)
noun (masculine) - raṇa – battle, war, fight
noun (masculine) - upama – similar, resembling, like
adjective (neuter)
Note: Agrees with an implied 'yuddham' (battle).
परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies, of others, of the opposite side
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of para
para - other, different, enemy, opposite, supreme
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of tvam
tvam - you (pronoun)
Second person pronoun.
सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, in the forces
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of sainya
sainya - army, host, military force
Derived from senā (army).
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as
Imperfect third person singular
From root as (to be).
Root: as (class 2)
कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone, anyone, a certain one
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kimcid
kimcid - someone, anyone, something, anything
Indefinite pronoun formed from 'kim' (what/who) and 'cid' (an indefinite particle).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (kim+cid)
- kim – who, what, which
pronoun - cid – even, also, at all (particle for indefiniteness)
indeclinable
पराङ्मुखः (parāṅmukhaḥ) - turned away, retreating, fleeing
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parāṅmukha
parāṅmukha - having the face turned away, retreating, averted, fleeing
Compound.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāñc+mukha)
- parāñc – turned away, averted, backward
adjective
Prefix: parā
Root: añc (class 1) - mukha – face, mouth, front
noun (neuter)