महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-44

ऋष्टिभिर्विमलाभिश्च तत्र तत्र विशां पते ।
संपतन्तीभिराकाशमावृतं बह्वशोभत ॥४४॥

44. ṛṣṭibhirvimalābhiśca tatra tatra viśāṁ pate ,
saṁpatantībhirākāśamāvṛtaṁ bahvaśobhata.

44. ṛṣṭibhiḥ vimalābhiḥ ca tatra tatra viśām pate
saṃpatantībhiḥ ākāśam āvṛtam bahu aśobhata

44. viśām pate ca tatra tatra saṃpatantībhiḥ
vimalābhiḥ ṛṣṭibhiḥ āvṛtam ākāśam bahu aśobhata

44. And, O lord of the people, the sky, covered by the bright lances falling everywhere, appeared exceedingly splendid.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋष्टिभिः (ṛṣṭibhiḥ) - the weapons used in battle, specifically describing their quantity and movement (by lances, by spears, by points)

• विमलाभिः (vimalābhiḥ) - describing the shining quality of the lances (by the pure, by the spotless, by the bright)

• च (ca) - connects the description of the lances (and, also, moreover)

• तत्र (tatra) - repeated ('tatra tatra') to mean 'here and there' or 'everywhere' (there, in that place)

• तत्र (tatra) - part of 'tatra tatra', meaning 'everywhere' (there, in that place)

• विशाम् (viśām) - part of the vocative address 'lord of the people' (of the people, of the subjects)

• पते (pate) - part of the vocative address to Dhritarashtra (O lord, O master)

• संपतन्तीभिः (saṁpatantībhiḥ) - describing the lances as they descend in numbers (by those falling, by those flying together)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the celestial expanse that was filled with spears (the sky, the atmosphere, space)

• आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - the sky was covered by the lances (covered, enveloped, filled, surrounded)

• बहु (bahu) - intensifies the verb 'aśobhata', meaning 'greatly splendid' (much, many, greatly, exceedingly)

• अशोभत (aśobhata) - the sky exhibited great splendor (it shone, it was beautiful, it was splendid)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋष्टिभिः (ṛṣṭibhiḥ) - the weapons used in battle, specifically describing their quantity and movement (by lances, by spears, by points)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of ṛṣṭi

ṛṣṭi - lance, spear, point, javelin

From the root ṛṣ (to go, to move swiftly).

Root: ṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Instrument by which the sky was covered.

विमलाभिः (vimalābhiḥ) - describing the shining quality of the lances (by the pure, by the spotless, by the bright)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vimala

vimala - pure, clear, spotless, bright, untainted

Formed with prefix vi- (without) and mala (dirt, impurity).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (implied negation) (vi+mala)

• vi – apart, without, intensive
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix indicating separation or intensity.
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain, defect
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mal (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣṭibhiḥ'.

च (ca) - connects the description of the lances (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - repeated ('tatra tatra') to mean 'here and there' or 'everywhere' (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb formed from the demonstrative pronoun tad.

Note: Part of a repetitive adverbial phrase 'tatra tatra'.

तत्र (tatra) - part of 'tatra tatra', meaning 'everywhere' (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb formed from the demonstrative pronoun tad.

Note: Repetition emphasizes widespread distribution.

विशाम् (viśām) - part of the vocative address 'lord of the people' (of the people, of the subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community, clan

From the root viś (to enter, settle, dwell).

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Governed by 'pate'.

पते (pate) - part of the vocative address to Dhritarashtra (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner, ruler

संपतन्तीभिः (saṁpatantībhiḥ) - describing the lances as they descend in numbers (by those falling, by those flying together)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of saṃpatantī

saṁpatat - falling, flying, rushing, descending

Present Active Participle

Feminine instrumental plural of the present active participle of the root pat (to fall, fly) with the prefix sam- (together).

Prefix: sam

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣṭibhiḥ' and 'vimalābhiḥ'.

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the celestial expanse that was filled with spears (the sky, the atmosphere, space)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

From the root kāś (to shine, appear) with the prefix ā- (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āvṛtam'.

आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - the sky was covered by the lances (covered, enveloped, filled, surrounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, filled

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root vṛ (to cover, surround) with the prefix ā- (towards, completely).

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'ākāśam'.

बहु (bahu) - intensifies the verb 'aśobhata', meaning 'greatly splendid' (much, many, greatly, exceedingly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'aśobhata'.

अशोभत (aśobhata) - the sky exhibited great splendor (it shone, it was beautiful, it was splendid)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of śobh

Imperfect (Laṅ), Ātmanepada

3rd person singular imperfect of the root śobh (class 1, Ātmanepada).

Root: śobh (class 1)