महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-27

ततो हतं परैस्तत्र मद्रराजबलं तदा ।
दुर्योधनबलं दृष्ट्वा पुनरासीत्पराङ्मुखम् ॥२७॥

27. tato hataṁ paraistatra madrarājabalaṁ tadā ,
duryodhanabalaṁ dṛṣṭvā punarāsītparāṅmukham.

27. tataḥ hatam paraiḥ tatra madrarājabalam tadā
duryodhanabalam dṛṣṭvā punaḥ āsīt parāṅmukham

27. tadā tatra paraiḥ hatam madrarājabalam dṛṣṭvā
punaḥ duryodhanabalam parāṅmukham āsīt

27. At that time, seeing the army of the king of Madras (Śalya) being struck down there by the enemies, Duryodhana's army again turned away.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• हतम् (hatam) - struck down (struck, killed, destroyed)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by the enemies (by enemies, by others, by strangers)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place, on that occasion)

• मद्रराजबलम् (madrarājabalam) - the army of King Śalya (of Madra) (the army of the king of Madras)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• दुर्योधनबलम् (duryodhanabalam) - Duryodhana's army

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, moreover)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - turned away (fleeing) (turned away, with face averted, fleeing)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

हतम् (hatam) - struck down (struck, killed, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, injured, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'madrarājabalam'.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by the enemies (by enemies, by others, by strangers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, alien, enemy, supreme

Note: Denotes agency for the past passive participle 'hatam'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place, on that occasion)

(indeclinable)

मद्रराजबलम् (madrarājabalam) - the army of King Śalya (of Madra) (the army of the king of Madras)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of madrarājabala

madrarājabala - army of the king of Madra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan+bala)

• madra – name of a country and its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, army, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनबलम् (duryodhanabalam) - Duryodhana's army

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duryodhanabala

duryodhanabala - Duryodhana's army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+bala)

• duryodhana – name of the eldest Kaurava prince
  proper noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, army, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The object is 'madrarājabalam hatam'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, moreover)

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - turned away (fleeing) (turned away, with face averted, fleeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - turned away, averted, fleeing, hostile

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāñc+mukha)

• parāñc – turned away, averted, turned backwards
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'parā' (away) + √añc (to bend).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: añc (class 5)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'duryodhanabalam'.