महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-69

संघातैरासनभ्रष्टैरश्वारोहैर्गतासुभिः ।
हयाः परिपतन्ति स्म शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥६९॥

69. saṁghātairāsanabhraṣṭairaśvārohairgatāsubhiḥ ,
hayāḥ paripatanti sma śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ.

69. saṃghātaiḥ āsanabhraṣṭaiḥ aśvārohaiḥ gatāsubhiḥ
hayāḥ paripatanti sma śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ

69. hayāḥ āsanabhraṣṭaiḥ gatāsubhiḥ saṃghātaiḥ
aśvārohaiḥ śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ paripatanti sma

69. The horses rushed about in hundreds and thousands, amidst the masses of dead horsemen who had fallen from their saddles.

Words meanings summery:

• संघातैः (saṁghātaiḥ) - with masses, with throngs, with heaps

• आसनभ्रष्टैः (āsanabhraṣṭaiḥ) - with those fallen from their seats/saddles

• अश्वारोहैः (aśvārohaiḥ) - with horse-riders, with cavalrymen

• गतासुभिः (gatāsubhiḥ) - with those whose lives have departed, with the dead

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• परिपतन्ति (paripatanti) - they fall, they rush, they swoop

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

• अथ (atha) - and, then, moreover

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

Words meanings and morphology

संघातैः (saṁghātaiḥ) - with masses, with throngs, with heaps

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃghāta

saṁghāta - aggregation, mass, collection, throng, crowd

From root han (to strike) with upasarga sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the state of the fallen riders.

आसनभ्रष्टैः (āsanabhraṣṭaiḥ) - with those fallen from their seats/saddles

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āsanabhraṣṭa

āsanabhraṣṭa - fallen from one's seat or saddle

Compound of āsana (seat) and bhraṣṭa (fallen).

Compound type : tatpurusha (āsana+bhraṣṭa)

• āsana – seat, sitting; saddle
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ās (class 2)
• bhraṣṭa – fallen, slipped, deviated
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhraś (to fall, deviate).
  Root: bhraś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aśvārohaiḥ'.

अश्वारोहैः (aśvārohaiḥ) - with horse-riders, with cavalrymen

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśvāroha

aśvāroha - horse-rider, cavalryman

Compound of aśva (horse) and āroha (rider).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśva+āroha)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• āroha – mounting, ascending, rider
  noun (masculine)
  From root ruh (to ascend) with upasarga ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: The main noun in the instrumental phrase.

गतासुभिः (gatāsubhiḥ) - with those whose lives have departed, with the dead

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gatāsu

gatāsu - dead, lifeless (literally 'whose breath/life has gone')

Compound of gata (gone) and asu (life/breath).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, reached
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – life, breath, vital air
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'aśvārohaiḥ'.

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse (literally 'that which goes swiftly')

From root hi (to impel, to send).

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'paripatanti sma'.

परिपतन्ति (paripatanti) - they fall, they rush, they swoop

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of paripat

Present Indicative

Formed from root pat (to fall, fly) with upasarga pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past habitual action.

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to turn the present tense verb into a past habitual action.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

(indeclinable)

Derived from śata (hundred) with the suffix -śaḥ.

अथ (atha) - and, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

Derived from sahasra (thousand) with the suffix -śaḥ.