महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-18

अतिप्रवृद्धे युद्धे च छिद्यमानेषु मर्मसु ।
धावमानेषु योधेषु जयगृद्धिषु मारिष ॥१८॥

18. atipravṛddhe yuddhe ca chidyamāneṣu marmasu ,
dhāvamāneṣu yodheṣu jayagṛddhiṣu māriṣa.

18. atipravṛddhe yuddhe ca chidyamāneṣu marmasu
dhāvamāneṣu yodheṣu jayagṛddhiṣu māriṣa

18. ca atipravṛddhe yuddhe ca marmasu chidyamāneṣu
ca jayagṛddhiṣu yodheṣu dhāvamāneṣu māriṣa

18. And as the battle intensified greatly, with vital spots being pierced, and warriors, greedy for victory, rushing about, O respected one (māriṣa)!

Words meanings summery:

• अतिप्रवृद्धे (atipravṛddhe) - greatly intensified (referring to the battle) (greatly increased, intensely grown, raging fiercely)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• छिद्यमानेषु (chidyamāneṣu) - while being pierced (referring to vital parts) (while being cut, being pierced, being severed)

• मर्मसु (marmasu) - in the vital spots (of the body) (in the vital parts, vulnerable spots, joints)

• धावमानेषु (dhāvamāneṣu) - while rushing about (while running, rushing, moving quickly)

• योधेषु (yodheṣu) - among the warriors

• जयगृद्धिषु (jayagṛddhiṣu) - in warriors greedy for victory (in those greedy for victory, longing for conquest)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (vocative address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respected one, O venerable one)

Words meanings and morphology

अतिप्रवृद्धे (atipravṛddhe) - greatly intensified (referring to the battle) (greatly increased, intensely grown, raging fiercely)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of atipravṛddha

atipravṛddha - greatly increased, intensely grown, very mighty

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ati-' + prefix 'pra-' + root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase) + suffix 'ta'

Prefixes: ati+pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the battle.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

छिद्यमानेषु (chidyamāneṣu) - while being pierced (referring to vital parts) (while being cut, being pierced, being severed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of chidyamāna

chidyamāna - being cut, being pierced, being severed

Present Passive Participle

From root 'chid' (to cut, pierce) + passive 'ya' + śānac suffix, conjugated in locative plural neuter

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'marmasu'.

मर्मसु (marmasu) - in the vital spots (of the body) (in the vital parts, vulnerable spots, joints)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of marman

marman - vital spot, vulnerable point, joint

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

धावमानेषु (dhāvamāneṣu) - while rushing about (while running, rushing, moving quickly)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of dhāvamāna

dhāvamāna - running, rushing, flowing

Present Active Participle

From root 'dhāv' (to run) + śānac suffix, conjugated in locative plural masculine

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yodheṣu'.

योधेषु (yodheṣu) - among the warriors

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Derived from root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

जयगृद्धिषु (jayagṛddhiṣu) - in warriors greedy for victory (in those greedy for victory, longing for conquest)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of jayagṛddhi

jayagṛddhi - greedy for victory, longing for conquest

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jaya+gṛddhi)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• gṛddhi – greed, avidity, intense desire
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'gṛdh' (to be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Describes the warriors' motivation.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (vocative address to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respected one, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected one, venerable one, sir

Note: Directly addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Saṃjaya.