महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-73

मत्ता रुधिरगन्धेन बहवोऽत्र विचेतसः ।
जघ्नुः परान्स्वकांश्चैव प्राप्तान्प्राप्ताननन्तरान् ॥७३॥

73. mattā rudhiragandhena bahavo'tra vicetasaḥ ,
jaghnuḥ parānsvakāṁścaiva prāptānprāptānanantarān.

73. mattāḥ rudhira-gandhena bahavaḥ atra vicetasaḥ
jaghnuḥ parān svakān ca eva prāptān prāptān anantarān

73. atra rudhira-gandhena mattāḥ vicetasaḥ bahavaḥ parān
ca eva svakān prāptān prāptān anantarān jaghnuḥ

73. Here, many, maddened by the smell of blood and out of their minds, killed enemies and even their own nearby men, whoever came close.

Words meanings summery:

• मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - intoxicated, maddened, frenzied

• रुधिर-गन्धेन (rudhira-gandhena) - by the smell of blood

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this situation

• विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - senseless, bewildered, out of mind

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, struck down

• परान् (parān) - enemies, others

• स्वकान् (svakān) - their own (men)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - even, indeed, only

• प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who came, arrived

• प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who came, arrived (repeated for emphasis/distribution)

• अनन्तरान् (anantarān) - nearby, immediately adjacent

Words meanings and morphology

मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - intoxicated, maddened, frenzied

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, drunk, maddened, lustful

Past Passive Participle

From root mad (to be glad, intoxicated, mad).

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Functions adjectivally.

रुधिर-गन्धेन (rudhira-gandhena) - by the smell of blood

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rudhira-gandha

rudhira-gandha - smell of blood

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+gandha)

• rudhira – blood, bloody
  noun (neuter)
• gandha – smell, odor, fragrance
  noun (masculine)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this situation

(indeclinable)

विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - senseless, bewildered, out of mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicetas

vicetas - senseless, bewildered, confused, deprived of consciousness

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+cetas)

• vi – apart, asunder, without, away
  indeclinable
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intelligence, thought
  noun (neuter)

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, struck down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Perfect

3rd person plural, active voice (parasmaipada) of root han (class 2).

Root: han (class 2)

परान् (parān) - enemies, others

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

स्वकान् (svakān) - their own (men)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svaka

svaka - one's own, own people/men, relatives

Note: Functions substantively as 'one's own men'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who came, arrived

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions substantively as 'those who arrived'.

प्राप्तान् (prāptān) - those who came, arrived (repeated for emphasis/distribution)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Repetition indicates 'whoever came' or 'one after another'.

अनन्तरान् (anantarān) - nearby, immediately adjacent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anantara

anantara - without interval, immediate, next, contiguous, nearby

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+antara)

• an – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• antara – interval, intermediate space, difference
  noun (neuter)