महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-22, verse-46

रुधिरोक्षितसर्वाङ्गा विप्रविद्धैर्नियन्तृभिः ।
हयाः परिपतन्ति स्म शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥४६॥

46. rudhirokṣitasarvāṅgā vipraviddhairniyantṛbhiḥ ,
hayāḥ paripatanti sma śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ.

46. rudhirokṣitasarvāṅgāḥ vipraviddhaiḥ niyantṛbhiḥ
hayāḥ paripatanti sma śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ

46. rudhirokṣitasarvāṅgāḥ vipraviddhaiḥ niyantṛbhiḥ
hayāḥ śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ paripatanti sma

46. Their entire bodies drenched in blood, with their drivers struck down, hundreds and thousands of horses fell or ran wildly.

Words meanings summery:

• रुधिरोक्षितसर्वाङ्गाः (rudhirokṣitasarvāṅgāḥ) - describing the horses as they are wounded in battle (whose all limbs are drenched in blood, with all bodies sprinkled with blood)

• विप्रविद्धैः (vipraviddhaiḥ) - describing the charioteers who have been hit by weapons (by those pierced, by those struck down)

• नियन्तृभिः (niyantṛbhiḥ) - referring to the drivers of the chariots, now incapacitated (by charioteers, by drivers, by controllers)

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - the mounts in the battle, now wounded and leaderless (horses)

• परिपतन्ति (paripatanti) - describes the frantic, uncontrolled movement of the wounded horses (they fall down, they run about wildly, they roam)

• स्म (sma) - converts the present tense verb 'paripatanti' into a past imperfect sense ('were falling/running') ((particle indicating past tense))

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - indicates the large number of horses in a distributive sense (by hundreds, in hundreds)

• अथ (atha) - connects the two numerical adverbs, indicating 'and also' (and, then, moreover)

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - indicates an even larger number, emphasizing the scale of the destruction (by thousands, in thousands)

Words meanings and morphology

रुधिरोक्षितसर्वाङ्गाः (rudhirokṣitasarvāṅgāḥ) - describing the horses as they are wounded in battle (whose all limbs are drenched in blood, with all bodies sprinkled with blood)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rudhirokṣitasarvāṅga

rudhirokṣitasarvāṅga - having all limbs drenched in blood

Bahuvrīhi compound: rudhireṇa ukṣitāni sarvāṇi aṅgāni yāsām (whose all limbs are sprinkled with blood).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rudhira+ukṣita+sarvāṅga)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
  From the root rudh (to obstruct, to redden).
  Root: rudh (class 7)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, moistened, drenched
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root ukṣ (to sprinkle, wet).
  Root: ukṣ (class 1)
• sarvāṅga – whole body, all limbs
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of sarva (all, whole) and aṅga (limb, body part).

Note: Agrees with 'hayāḥ'.

विप्रविद्धैः (vipraviddhaiḥ) - describing the charioteers who have been hit by weapons (by those pierced, by those struck down)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vipraviddha

vipraviddha - pierced, struck, hit, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root vyadh (to pierce, strike) with prefixes vi- (apart) and pra- (forth).

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'niyantṛbhiḥ'.

नियन्तृभिः (niyantṛbhiḥ) - referring to the drivers of the chariots, now incapacitated (by charioteers, by drivers, by controllers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niyantṛ

niyantṛ - charioteer, driver, controller, guide

Agent noun

Formed from the root yam (to control, restrain) with the prefix ni- (down, in) and the agentive suffix -tṛ.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Indicates the agent by which something happens or the means by which horses are uncontrolled.

हयाः (hayāḥ) - the mounts in the battle, now wounded and leaderless (horses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

From the root hi (to go, to move).

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'paripatanti sma'.

परिपतन्ति (paripatanti) - describes the frantic, uncontrolled movement of the wounded horses (they fall down, they run about wildly, they roam)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of paripatati

Present (Laṭ)

3rd person plural present form of the root pat (to fall, fly) with the prefix pari- (around, completely).

Prefix: pari

Root: pat (class 1)

स्म (sma) - converts the present tense verb 'paripatanti' into a past imperfect sense ('were falling/running') ((particle indicating past tense))

(indeclinable)

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - indicates the large number of horses in a distributive sense (by hundreds, in hundreds)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from śata (hundred) with the distributive suffix -śas.

अथ (atha) - connects the two numerical adverbs, indicating 'and also' (and, then, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - indicates an even larger number, emphasizing the scale of the destruction (by thousands, in thousands)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from sahasra (thousand) with the distributive suffix -śas.