महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-8

संजय उवाच ।
ततः संध्यामुपास्यैव वीरौ वीरावसादने ।
कथयन्तौ रणे वृत्तं प्रयातौ रथमास्थितौ ॥८॥

8. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataḥ saṁdhyāmupāsyaiva vīrau vīrāvasādane ,
kathayantau raṇe vṛttaṁ prayātau rathamāsthitau.

8. sañjayaḥ uvāca | tataḥ sandhyām upāsya eva vīrau vīra-avasādane
| kathayantau raṇe vṛttam prayātau ratham āsthitau

8. sañjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ vīrau vīra-avasādane sandhyām upāsya
eva raṇe vṛttam kathayantau ratham āsthitau prayātau

8. Sanjaya said: Then, having performed the twilight (sandhyā) ritual, the two heroes, at the time when heroes are exhausted (from battle), mounted their chariot and departed, discussing what had transpired in the battle (raṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - the evening ritual or twilight worship (twilight, evening ritual, juncture)

• उपास्य (upāsya) - having performed (the twilight ritual) (having worshipped, having served, having performed)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes the action (indeed, only, certainly)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - Arjuna and Krishna (the two heroes)

• वीर-अवसादने (vīra-avasādane) - at the close of the day's fighting, which caused the exhaustion of heroes (at the exhaustion of heroes, in the decline of heroes, in the place/time of heroes' rest/defeat)

• कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - Arjuna and Krishna discussing (the two discussing, narrating)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle, in the war

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - what had transpired (in the battle) (happened, occurred, event, conduct)

• प्रयातौ (prayātau) - Arjuna and Krishna having departed (the two having gone forth, departed)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आस्थितौ (āsthitau) - Arjuna and Krishna having mounted (the chariot) (the two having mounted, seated)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Perfect form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - the evening ritual or twilight worship (twilight, evening ritual, juncture)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - juncture, twilight (morning/evening), twilight worship

उपास्य (upāsya) - having performed (the twilight ritual) (having worshipped, having served, having performed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of root ās with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

एव (eva) - emphasizes the action (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

वीरौ (vīrau) - Arjuna and Krishna (the two heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

वीर-अवसादने (vīra-avasādane) - at the close of the day's fighting, which caused the exhaustion of heroes (at the exhaustion of heroes, in the decline of heroes, in the place/time of heroes' rest/defeat)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vīra-avasādana

vīra-avasādana - exhaustion of heroes, place/time of heroes' rest/defeat

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīra+avasādana)

• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• avasādana – causing to cease, exhaustion, depression, destruction, rest
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root sad with upasarga ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sad (class 1)

कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - Arjuna and Krishna discussing (the two discussing, narrating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kathayat

kathayat - narrating, telling, speaking

present active participle

Present active participle of root kath

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agreement with vīrau

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle, in the war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - what had transpired (in the battle) (happened, occurred, event, conduct)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, past event, conduct

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of root vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

प्रयातौ (prayātau) - Arjuna and Krishna having departed (the two having gone forth, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, proceeded

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of root yā with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agreement with vīrau

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

आस्थितौ (āsthitau) - Arjuna and Krishna having mounted (the chariot) (the two having mounted, seated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āsthita

āsthita - mounted, seated upon, established

past passive participle

Past Passive Participle of root sthā with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agreement with vīrau