महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-41

हा पुत्रकावितृप्तस्य सततं पुत्रदर्शने ।
भाग्यहीनस्य कालेन यथा मे नीयसे बलात् ॥४१॥

41. hā putrakāvitṛptasya satataṁ putradarśane ,
bhāgyahīnasya kālena yathā me nīyase balāt.

41. hā putrakau atṛptasya satatam putradarśane
bhāgyahīnasya kālena yathā me nīyase balāt

41. hā putrakau satatam putradarśane atṛptasya
bhāgyahīnasya me kālena balāt yathā nīyase

41. Alas, my sons! You are being forcibly taken away from me by Time (kāla), from me, the unfortunate one who was never sated with the sight of his sons.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - Alas! Ah! Oh!

• पुत्रकौ (putrakau) - O sons! O dear sons!

• अतृप्तस्य (atṛptasya) - Refers to the speaker, Dasharatha. (of the unsatiated, of the unsatisfied)

• सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, continuously

• पुत्रदर्शने (putradarśane) - in the sight of sons, in seeing sons

• भाग्यहीनस्य (bhāgyahīnasya) - Refers to the speaker. (of the unfortunate, of the luckless)

• कालेन (kālena) - by Time, in time

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way

• मे (me) - From me (genitive of separation). (to me, my, from me)

• नीयसे (nīyase) - you (singular) are being led, you (singular) are being taken

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - Alas! Ah! Oh!

(indeclinable)

Note: Interjection.

पुत्रकौ (putrakau) - O sons! O dear sons!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, dual of putraka

putraka - little son, dear son (diminutive/affectionate)

Formed from `putra` (son) with the diminutive suffix `ka`.

Note: Addressing two sons.

अतृप्तस्य (atṛptasya) - Refers to the speaker, Dasharatha. (of the unsatiated, of the unsatisfied)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of atṛpta

atṛpta - unsatisfied, unsatiated, not content

Past Passive Participle

Compound of negative particle `a-` and `tṛpta` (satisfied), which is a past passive participle from root `tṛp`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tṛpta)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tṛpta – satisfied, sated, content
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `tṛp` (to be satisfied, to please).
  Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `me` (referring to the speaker).

सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly, continuously

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying `atṛptasya` (constantly unsatisfied).

पुत्रदर्शने (putradarśane) - in the sight of sons, in seeing sons

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of putradarśana

putradarśana - sight of sons, seeing sons

Compound of `putra` (son) and `darśana` (seeing, sight), an action noun from root `dṛś`.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (putra+darśana)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• darśana – seeing, sight, vision, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun from root `dṛś` (to see) with suffix `-ana`.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Denotes the sphere in which one is unsatisfied.

भाग्यहीनस्य (bhāgyahīnasya) - Refers to the speaker. (of the unfortunate, of the luckless)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāgyahīna

bhāgyahīna - luckless, unfortunate, deprived of good fortune

Compound of `bhāgya` (fortune) and `hīna` (devoid of, deprived), which is a past passive participle from root `hā`.

Compound type : pañcamī-tatpuruṣa (bhāgya+hīna)

• bhāgya – fortune, destiny, luck
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `bhaj` (to obtain, possess).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)
• hīna – deprived of, devoid of, left, abandoned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `hā` (to abandon, leave).
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `me`.

कालेन (kālena) - by Time, in time

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

From root `kal` (to count, enumerate).

Root: kal (class 1)

Note: Agent of being taken away.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way

(indeclinable)

Connects clauses, indicating manner.

मे (me) - From me (genitive of separation). (to me, my, from me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of `asmad`.

Note: Indicates separation from the speaker.

नीयसे (nīyase) - you (singular) are being led, you (singular) are being taken

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of nī

Present Tense, Ātmanepada, Passive Voice

From root `nī` (class 1), passive formation (`nīya`) in present tense, second person singular.

Root: nī (class 1)

बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use of ablative singular.