महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-52

नूनं स पतितः शेते धरण्यां रुधिरोक्षितः ।
शोभयन्मेदिनीं गात्रैरादित्य इव पातितः ॥५२॥

52. nūnaṁ sa patitaḥ śete dharaṇyāṁ rudhirokṣitaḥ ,
śobhayanmedinīṁ gātrairāditya iva pātitaḥ.

52. nūnam sa patitaḥ śete dharaṇyām rudhirokṣitaḥ
śobhayan medinīm gātraiḥ ādityaḥ iva pātitaḥ

52. sa nūnam patitaḥ rudhirokṣitaḥ dharaṇyām śete.
pātitaḥ ādityaḥ iva (saḥ) gātraiḥ medinīm śobhayan (aste).

52. Surely, he lies fallen on the ground, covered in blood, adorning the earth with his body, like a sun struck down.

Words meanings summery:

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

• स (sa) - he, that

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, dropped

• शेते (śete) - lies down, sleeps

• धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• रुधिरोक्षितः (rudhirokṣitaḥ) - covered/smeared with blood

• शोभयन् (śobhayan) - adorning, beautifying

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth

• गात्रैः (gātraiḥ) - with limbs, with body parts

• आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• पातितः (pātitaḥ) - struck down, felled, thrown down

Words meanings and morphology

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: `saḥ` before a consonant (except 's') becomes `sa`.

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, dropped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, dropped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `pat` (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

शेते (śete) - lies down, sleeps

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present Middle

Root `śī` (class 2) is an `iṭ` root.

Root: śī (class 2)

धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground, holder

रुधिरोक्षितः (rudhirokṣitaḥ) - covered/smeared with blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudhirokṣita

rudhirokṣita - smeared with blood, bathed in blood

Past Passive Participle (of ukṣita) as second member of compound

Compound of `rudhira` (blood) and `ukṣita` (sprinkled, moistened, smeared).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+ukṣita)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, moistened, smeared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `ukṣ` (to sprinkle, moisten).
  Root: ukṣ (class 6)

शोभयन् (śobhayan) - adorning, beautifying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śobhayat

śobhayat - adorning, beautifying, causing to shine

Present Active Participle

From causal form of root `śubh` (to shine, be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying `saḥ`.

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - earth, ground

Note: Object of `śobhayan`.

गात्रैः (gātraiḥ) - with limbs, with body parts

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of gātra

gātra - limb, body, member

आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, son of Aditi

From Aditi (mother of gods) + `ya` suffix.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

पातितः (pātitaḥ) - struck down, felled, thrown down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātita

pātita - caused to fall, struck down, felled, thrown down

Past Passive Participle (from causal pat)

From causal `pātayati` (to cause to fall) derived from root `pat` (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)