महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-40

छत्रच्छायासमुचितं तस्य तद्वदनं शुभम् ।
नूनमद्य रजोध्वस्तं रणे रेणुः करिष्यति ॥४०॥

40. chatracchāyāsamucitaṁ tasya tadvadanaṁ śubham ,
nūnamadya rajodhvastaṁ raṇe reṇuḥ kariṣyati.

40. chatracchāyāsamucitam tasya tat vadanam śubham
nūnam adya rajodhvastam raṇe reṇuḥ kariṣyati

40. tasya chatracchāyāsamucitam śubham tat vadanam
nūnam adya raṇe reṇuḥ rajodhvastam kariṣyati

40. That beautiful face of his, so accustomed to the shade of an umbrella, will surely be covered with dust today in battle by the battlefield dust.

Words meanings summery:

• छत्रच्छायासमुचितम् (chatracchāyāsamucitam) - suited for the shade of an umbrella; accustomed to the shade of an umbrella

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• तत् (tat) - that

• वदनम् (vadanam) - face, mouth

• शुभम् (śubham) - beautiful, auspicious, bright

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• रजोध्वस्तम् (rajodhvastam) - covered with dust, soiled by dust, destroyed by dust

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• रेणुः (reṇuḥ) - dust, sand, pollen

• करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will make, will do, will cause

Words meanings and morphology

छत्रच्छायासमुचितम् (chatracchāyāsamucitam) - suited for the shade of an umbrella; accustomed to the shade of an umbrella

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chatracchāyāsamucita

chatracchāyāsamucita - suited for the shade of an umbrella; accustomed to the shade of an umbrella

Past Passive Participle

Compound adjective formed from 'chatracchāyā' (umbrella's shade) and 'samucita' (suited, appropriate), itself a past passive participle from sam-uc.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chatra+chāyā+samucita)

• chatra – umbrella
  noun (neuter)
• chāyā – shade, shadow
  noun (feminine)
• samucita – suited, appropriate, proper
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root `uc` with `sam` prefix, meaning 'to be suited'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: uc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vadanam`.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the person whose face is being described.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective pronoun agreeing with `vadanam`.

वदनम् (vadanam) - face, mouth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadana

vadana - face, mouth, front part

From root `vad` (to speak).

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Object of `kariṣyati`.

शुभम् (śubham) - beautiful, auspicious, bright

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - beautiful, auspicious, bright, good

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vadanam`.

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

रजोध्वस्तम् (rajodhvastam) - covered with dust, soiled by dust, destroyed by dust

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rajodhvasta

rajodhvasta - covered with dust, soiled by dust, destroyed by dust

Past Passive Participle (for `dhvasta`)

Compound of `rajas` (dust) and `dhvasta` (destroyed, covered).

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (rajas+dhvasta)

• rajas – dust, dirt, pollen, passion
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• dhvasta – destroyed, ruined, covered, soiled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dhvaṃs` (to fall, perish, destroy).
  Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vadanam`.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, struggle

From root `raṇ` (to sound, shout, rejoice).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Denotes location.

रेणुः (reṇuḥ) - dust, sand, pollen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of reṇu

reṇu - dust, sand, pollen

Note: Subject of `kariṣyati`.

करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will make, will do, will cause

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future Tense, Parasmaipada

From root `kṛ` (class 8).

Root: kṛ (class 8)