महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-63

एषा वै युध्यमानानां शूराणामनिवर्तिनाम् ।
विहिता धर्मशास्त्रज्ञैर्गतिर्गतिमतां वर ॥६३॥

63. eṣā vai yudhyamānānāṁ śūrāṇāmanivartinām ,
vihitā dharmaśāstrajñairgatirgatimatāṁ vara.

63. eṣā vai yudhyamānānām śūrāṇām anivartinām |
vihitā dharmaśāstrajñaiḥ gatiḥ gatimatām vara

63. gatimatām vara ! eṣā vai yudhyamānānām
anivartinām śūrāṇām gatiḥ dharmaśāstrajñaiḥ vihitā

63. O best among those who are destined (gatimatām), this indeed is the path (gati) ordained by those who know the natural law (dharma) scriptures (dharmaśāstrajñaiḥ) for heroes who are fighting and do not retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly (particle)

• युध्यमानानाम् (yudhyamānānām) - of those fighting, of those engaged in battle

• शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave men

• अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who do not retreat, of the non-retreating

• विहिता (vihitā) - ordained, prescribed, arranged, established

• धर्मशास्त्रज्ञैः (dharmaśāstrajñaiḥ) - by those who know the natural law (dharma) scriptures

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - the destined path or destination after death (path, destination, movement, state)

• गतिमताम् (gatimatām) - of those who have a path/destination, of those destined

• वर (vara) - addressed to Arjuna (O best one, O excellent one)

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, truly, certainly (particle)

(indeclinable)

युध्यमानानाम् (yudhyamānānām) - of those fighting, of those engaged in battle

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, warring, engaged in battle

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'śūrāṇām'

शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those who do not retreat, of the non-retreating

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, not retreating, steadfast

Present Active Participle (negative)

Derived from root vṛt with prefix ni, negated by a

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, non-, un- (negation)
  indeclinable
• nivartin – turning back, retreating
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root vṛt with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'śūrāṇām'

विहिता (vihitā) - ordained, prescribed, arranged, established

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vihita

vihita - ordained, prescribed, arranged, established, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'gatiḥ'

धर्मशास्त्रज्ञैः (dharmaśāstrajñaiḥ) - by those who know the natural law (dharma) scriptures

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmaśāstrajña

dharmaśāstrajña - one who knows the dharma scriptures

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+śāstra+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, rule, instruction
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

गतिः (gatiḥ) - the destined path or destination after death (path, destination, movement, state)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, path, destination, state, condition

Derived from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

गतिमताम् (gatimatām) - of those who have a path/destination, of those destined

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gatimat

gatimat - having motion, having a course, having a destination, destined

Derived from gati with suffix -mat

वर (vara) - addressed to Arjuna (O best one, O excellent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior; a boon, blessing

Root: vṛ (class 5)