महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-13

योधाश्चापि हि मां दृष्ट्वा निवर्तन्ते ह्यधोमुखाः ।
कर्माणि च यथापूर्वं कृत्वा नाभिवदन्ति माम् ॥१३॥

13. yodhāścāpi hi māṁ dṛṣṭvā nivartante hyadhomukhāḥ ,
karmāṇi ca yathāpūrvaṁ kṛtvā nābhivadanti mām.

13. yodhāḥ ca api hi mām dṛṣṭvā nivartante hi adhomukhāḥ
karmāṇi ca yathāpūrvaṃ kṛtvā na abhivadanti mām

13. api hi yodhāḥ mām dṛṣṭvā adhomukhāḥ hi nivartante
ca yathāpūrvaṃ karmāṇi kṛtvā mām na abhivadanti

13. Even the warriors, seeing me, turn back with downcast faces. And having performed their actions (karma) as before, they do not greet me.

Words meanings summery:

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• माम् (mām) - me

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they turn back, they retreat

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• अधोमुखाः (adhomukhāḥ) - with faces downwards, downcast

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - Here, referring to their usual duties or functions. (actions, deeds, duties)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• यथापूर्वं (yathāpūrvaṁ) - as before, as formerly

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अभिवदन्ति (abhivadanti) - they greet, they salute

• माम् (mām) - me

Words meanings and morphology

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Agent noun from yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of nivartante and abhivadanti.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'even the warriors'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā and abhivadanti.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Indeclinable past participle, formed with -tvā suffix from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies nivartante.

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they turn back, they retreat

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person plural, root vṛt (class 1) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject is yodhāḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अधोमुखाः (adhomukhāḥ) - with faces downwards, downcast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhomukha

adhomukha - downward-faced, with head bent down, dejected

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhas+mukha)

• adhas – below, downwards, underneath
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies yodhāḥ.

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - Here, referring to their usual duties or functions. (actions, deeds, duties)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, consequence of actions

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of kṛtvā.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

यथापूर्वं (yathāpūrvaṁ) - as before, as formerly

(indeclinable)

Compound (avyayībhāva) of yathā (as) and pūrva (before, former)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pūrva)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• pūrva – former, earlier, prior
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Indeclinable past participle, formed with -tvā suffix from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies abhivadanti.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following verb.

अभिवदन्ति (abhivadanti) - they greet, they salute

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Active Indicative

3rd person plural, root vad (class 1) with upasarga abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Subject is yodhāḥ.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of abhivadanti.