महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-50, verse-24

सुकुमारं महेष्वासं वासवस्यात्मजात्मजम् ।
सदा मम प्रियं ब्रूत कथमायोधने हतः ॥२४॥

24. sukumāraṁ maheṣvāsaṁ vāsavasyātmajātmajam ,
sadā mama priyaṁ brūta kathamāyodhane hataḥ.

24. sukumāram maheṣvāsam vāsavasya ātmajātmajam
sadā mama priyam brūta katham āyodhane hataḥ

24. mama sadā priyam sukumāram maheṣvāsam vāsavasya
ātmajātmajam āyodhane katham hataḥ brūta

24. Tell me, how was my ever-beloved, delicate, great archer, the grandson of Vasava (Indra), killed in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• सुकुमारम् (sukumāram) - delicate (referring to Abhimanyu) (very delicate, very tender, very soft)

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer (Abhimanyu) (great archer, mighty bowman)

• वासवस्य (vāsavasya) - of Indra (of Vasava, of Indra)

• आत्मजात्मजम् (ātmajātmajam) - grandson (of Indra, i.e., Abhimanyu) (daughter's son, grandson)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - beloved one (Abhimanyu) (dear, beloved, pleasing)

• ब्रूत (brūta) - tell (me) (tell, speak)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• आयोधने (āyodhane) - in battle (in battle, in a battlefield)

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain (killed, struck, slain)

Words meanings and morphology

सुकुमारम् (sukumāram) - delicate (referring to Abhimanyu) (very delicate, very tender, very soft)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sukumāra

sukumāra - very delicate, very tender, very soft

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kumāra)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• kumāra – young, tender, prince, youth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'priyam' (understood as Abhimanyu).

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer (Abhimanyu) (great archer, mighty bowman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of mahat, used as a prefix in compounds.
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman, one who shoots arrows
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'priyam' (Abhimanyu).

वासवस्य (vāsavasya) - of Indra (of Vasava, of Indra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Indra, lord of the Vasus

Note: Possessive, refers to Indra's daughter.

आत्मजात्मजम् (ātmajātmajam) - grandson (of Indra, i.e., Abhimanyu) (daughter's son, grandson)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātmajātmaja

ātmajātmaja - daughter's son, grandson (son of one's own child)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātmajā+ātmaja)

• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine form of ātmaja
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'priyam' (Abhimanyu).

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'priyam'.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Refers to the speaker.

प्रियम् (priyam) - beloved one (Abhimanyu) (dear, beloved, pleasing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, favorite

From root 'prī' (to please).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu, the object of inquiry.

ब्रूत (brūta) - tell (me) (tell, speak)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

From root 'brū' (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Refers to the audience being asked to tell.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Queries the manner of death.

आयोधने (āyodhane) - in battle (in battle, in a battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āyodhana

āyodhana - battle, fighting, battlefield

From 'ā-' + root 'yudh' (to fight).

Prefix: ā

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain (killed, struck, slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Forms part of the predicate "was killed".