महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-134, verse-9

संजय उवाच ।
कर्णोऽपि रथिनां श्रेष्ठश्चापमुद्यम्य वीर्यवान् ।
कौरवाग्र्यैः परिवृतः शक्रो देवगणैरिव ।
पर्यतिष्ठत तेजस्वी स्वबाहुबलमाश्रितः ॥९॥

9. saṁjaya uvāca ,
karṇo'pi rathināṁ śreṣṭhaścāpamudyamya vīryavān ,
kauravāgryaiḥ parivṛtaḥ śakro devagaṇairiva ,
paryatiṣṭhata tejasvī svabāhubalamāśritaḥ.

9. Saṃjaya uvāca Karṇa api rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ
cāpam udyamya vīryavān kauravāgryaiḥ
parivṛtaḥ śakraḥ devagaṇaiḥ iva
paryatiṣṭhata tejasvī svabāhubalam āśritaḥ

9. Saṃjaya uvāca Karṇa api vīryavān rathinām
śreṣṭhaḥ cāpam udyamya tejasvī
svabāhubalam āśritaḥ kauravāgryaiḥ parivṛtaḥ
śakraḥ devagaṇaiḥ iva paryatiṣṭhata

9. Saṃjaya said: The valorous Karṇa, foremost among charioteers, took up his bow. Radiant and relying on the strength of his own arms, he stood firm, surrounded by the chief Kauravas, just as Indra (Śakra) is encircled by hosts of gods.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कर्ण (karṇa) - Karṇa (name of a warrior)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, foremost

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having taken up, having raised

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

• कौरवाग्र्यैः (kauravāgryaiḥ) - by the chief of the Kauravas, by the principal Kauravas

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encircled

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, the powerful one

• देवगणैः (devagaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of gods, by troops of deities

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्यतिष्ठत (paryatiṣṭhata) - stood firm, took up position around

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - radiant, glorious, powerful

• स्वबाहुबलम् (svabāhubalam) - the strength of one's own arms

• आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having resorted to, relying on, dependent on

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Saṃjaya

Saṁjaya - Saṃjaya

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

कर्ण (karṇa) - Karṇa (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Karṇa

Karṇa - Karṇa

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, one possessing a chariot

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, foremost

Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent)

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having taken up, having raised

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed with prefix ud- and root yam.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, heroic

Possessive suffix -vat

कौरवाग्र्यैः (kauravāgryaiḥ) - by the chief of the Kauravas, by the principal Kauravas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kauravāgrya

kauravāgrya - chief of the Kauravas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaurava+āgrya)

• kaurava – descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava
  noun (masculine)
• āgrya – chief, foremost, principal
  adjective (masculine)

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encircled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛ

vṛ - to choose, to cover

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root vṛ- (to choose/cover) with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra, the powerful one

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra; powerful

देवगणैः (devagaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of gods, by troops of deities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of devagaṇa

devagaṇa - host of gods, troop of deities

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – host, troop, multitude
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पर्यतिष्ठत (paryatiṣṭhata) - stood firm, took up position around

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of root sthā with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: sthā (class 1)

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - radiant, glorious, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - radiant, glorious, powerful

Possessive suffix -vin

स्वबाहुबलम् (svabāhubalam) - the strength of one's own arms

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svabāhubala

svabāhubala - strength of one's own arms

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bāhu+bala)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having resorted to, relying on, dependent on

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śri

śri - to resort to, rely on

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root śri (to lean on, resort to) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: This participle acts adjectivally to Karṇa.