महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-134, verse-24

निवार्य च शरौघांस्तान्पार्थिवानां महारथः ।
युगेष्वीषासु छत्रेषु ध्वजेषु च हयेषु च ।
आत्मनामाङ्कितान्बाणान्राधेयः प्राहिणोच्छितान् ॥२४॥

24. nivārya ca śaraughāṁstānpārthivānāṁ mahārathaḥ ,
yugeṣvīṣāsu chatreṣu dhvajeṣu ca hayeṣu ca ,
ātmanāmāṅkitānbāṇānrādheyaḥ prāhiṇocchitān.

24. nivārya ca śaraughān tān pārthivānām
mahārathaḥ | yugeṣu īṣāsu chatreṣu
dhvajeṣu ca hayeṣu ca | ātma-nāma-aṅkitān
bāṇān rādheyaḥ prāhiṇot śritān

24. ca mahārathaḥ rādheyaḥ tān pārthivānām śaraughān nivārya,
ātma-nāma-aṅkitān śritān bāṇān yugeṣu īṣāsu chatreṣu ca hayeṣu ca dhvajeṣu prāhiṇot

24. And the great charioteer (maharatha) Karṇa (Rādheya), having repelled those showers of arrows from the kings, discharged sharpened arrows, each marked with his own name, into their yokes, chariot poles, umbrellas, banners, and horses.

Words meanings summery:

• निवार्य (nivārya) - having repelled (having warded off, having repelled, having averted)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शरौघान् (śaraughān) - those volleys of arrows (showers of arrows, volleys of arrows)

• तान् (tān) - those (showers of arrows) (those, them)

• पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of the kings (of the kings, belonging to the rulers)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (Karṇa) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

• युगेषु (yugeṣu) - on the yokes (of the enemy chariots) (on the yokes, in the ages)

• ईषासु (īṣāsu) - on the chariot poles/shafts (on the poles, on the shafts)

• छत्रेषु (chatreṣu) - on the (royal) umbrellas (of the enemy chariots) (on the umbrellas)

• ध्वजेषु (dhvajeṣu) - on the banners (of the enemy chariots) (on the banners, on the flags)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• हयेषु (hayeṣu) - on the horses (of the enemy chariots) (on the horses)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आत्म-नाम-अङ्कितान् (ātma-nāma-aṅkitān) - marked with his (Karṇa's) own name (marked with one's own name, named after oneself)

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Karṇa (son of Rādhā, his foster mother) (son of Rādhā, Karṇa)

• प्राहिणोत् (prāhiṇot) - he discharged, he sent forth

• श्रितान् (śritān) - sharpened (arrows) (sharpened, fixed, resorted to)

Words meanings and morphology

निवार्य (nivārya) - having repelled (having warded off, having repelled, having averted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, to choose) with upasarga ni, using suffix -ya after the prefix.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Acts as an adverb modifying the main verb prāhiṇot.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

शरौघान् (śaraughān) - those volleys of arrows (showers of arrows, volleys of arrows)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaraugha

śaraugha - multitude of arrows, shower of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – stream, flood, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of nivārya.

तान् (tān) - those (showers of arrows) (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Modifies śaraughān.

पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of the kings (of the kings, belonging to the rulers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, belonging to the earth

Note: Possessive, "showers of the kings".

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (Karṇa) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior (one capable of fighting 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karṇa, the subject.

युगेषु (yugeṣu) - on the yokes (of the enemy chariots) (on the yokes, in the ages)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of yuga

yuga - yoke, pair, age/epoch

Note: One of the targets.

ईषासु (īṣāsu) - on the chariot poles/shafts (on the poles, on the shafts)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of īṣā

īṣā - pole, shaft (of a chariot), ploughshare

Note: One of the targets.

छत्रेषु (chatreṣu) - on the (royal) umbrellas (of the enemy chariots) (on the umbrellas)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol

Note: One of the targets.

ध्वजेषु (dhvajeṣu) - on the banners (of the enemy chariots) (on the banners, on the flags)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

Note: One of the targets.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

हयेषु (hayeṣu) - on the horses (of the enemy chariots) (on the horses)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Note: One of the targets.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आत्म-नाम-अङ्कितान् (ātma-nāma-aṅkitān) - marked with his (Karṇa's) own name (marked with one's own name, named after oneself)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātma-nāma-aṅkita

ātma-nāma-aṅkita - marked with one's own name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ātman+nāman+aṅkita)

• ātman – self, soul, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• nāman – name
  noun (neuter)
• aṅkita – marked, stamped, distinguished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root aṅk (to mark).
  Root: aṅk (class 1)

Note: Modifies bāṇān.

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of prāhiṇot.

राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Karṇa (son of Rādhā, his foster mother) (son of Rādhā, Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā, Karṇa

Derived from Rādhā with the patronymic suffix -eya.

Note: Subject of prāhiṇot, refers to Karṇa.

प्राहिणोत् (prāhiṇot) - he discharged, he sent forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-hi

Imperfect

3rd person singular, Imperfect, Parasmaipada, from root hi (to send, to impel) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

श्रितान् (śritān) - sharpened (arrows) (sharpened, fixed, resorted to)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śrita

śrita - sharpened, fixed, resorted to, dependent on

Past Passive Participle

From root śri (to lean on, to resort to), or in some contexts, sharpened.

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Modifies bāṇān.