महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-134, verse-34

आयान्तं दृश्य कौन्तेयं वृत्रं देवचमूमिव ।
प्रत्युद्ययौ तदा कर्णो यथा शक्रः प्रतापवान् ॥३४॥

34. āyāntaṁ dṛśya kaunteyaṁ vṛtraṁ devacamūmiva ,
pratyudyayau tadā karṇo yathā śakraḥ pratāpavān.

34. āyāntam dṛśya kaunteyam vṛtram devacamūm iva
pratyudyayau tadā karṇaḥ yathā śakraḥ pratāpavān

34. tadā kaunteyam vṛtram devacamūm iva āyāntam
dṛśya pratāpavān karṇaḥ yathā śakraḥ pratyudyayau

34. Having seen Arjuna (Kaunteya) approaching, as Vṛtra approached the army of the gods, then Karṇa, mighty and glorious (pratāpavān), advanced to meet him, just as Indra would.

Words meanings summery:

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

• दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen, seeing

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - son of Kuntī (Arjuna)

• वृत्रम् (vṛtram) - Vṛtra (a demonic serpent)

• देवचमूम् (devacamūm) - army of the gods

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• प्रत्युद्ययौ (pratyudyayau) - he advanced towards, he went to meet

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (a name)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (a name)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, mighty

Words meanings and morphology

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

present active participle

derived from root yā with prefix ā, present participle suffix -śatṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies kaunteyam.

दृश्य (dṛśya) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

derived from root dṛś with suffix -ya after verbal prefix (though no prefix here, it takes -ya)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - son of Kuntī (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena)

patronymic from Kuntī

Note: Object of dṛśya.

वृत्रम् (vṛtram) - Vṛtra (a demonic serpent)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (a Vedic demon, personification of drought)

Note: Object of implied 'approaching' in the simile.

देवचमूम् (devacamūm) - army of the gods

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devacamū

devacamū - army of the gods

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+camū)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• camū – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of vṛtram (Vṛtra approaching devacamūm).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युद्ययौ (pratyudyayau) - he advanced towards, he went to meet

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pratyudyā

derived from root yā with prefixes prati and ud

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: reduplicated perfect

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

derived from tad (that)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (a name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (son of Sūrya and Kuntī, raised by a charioteer)

Note: Subject of pratyudyayau.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (a name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra (king of the gods)

from root śak 'to be able'

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Part of simile.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - glorious, majestic, powerful, valiant

possessive suffix -vat from pratāpa

Note: Modifies karṇaḥ.