महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-134, verse-36

स ह्यस्पर्धत पार्थेन नित्यमेव महारथः ।
आशंसते च बीभत्सुं युद्धे जेतुं सुदारुणे ॥३६॥

36. sa hyaspardhata pārthena nityameva mahārathaḥ ,
āśaṁsate ca bībhatsuṁ yuddhe jetuṁ sudāruṇe.

36. saḥ hi aspardhata pārthena nityam eva mahārathaḥ
āśaṃsate ca bībhatsum yuddhe jetum sudāruṇe

36. saḥ mahārathaḥ hi nityam eva pārthena aspardhata
ca sudāruṇe yuddhe bībhatsum jetum āśaṃsate

36. Indeed, that great chariot warrior Karṇa always competed with Arjuna (Pārtha). And he hoped to conquer Arjuna (Bībhatsu) in a very dreadful (sudāruṇa) battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Karṇa (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• अस्पर्धत (aspardhata) - he competed, he vied

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - with Arjuna, by Arjuna

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot warrior, great warrior

• आशंसते (āśaṁsate) - he hoped, he wished, he expected

• च (ca) - and, also

• बीभत्सुम् (bībhatsum) - Arjuna (Arjuna (the detestable one, or one who causes terror, or one who is disgusted by war but fights))

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer, to defeat, to win

• सुदारुणे (sudāruṇe) - very terrible, very dreadful

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Karṇa (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

अस्पर्धत (aspardhata) - he competed, he vied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of spardh

with augment 'a' for past tense

Root: spardh (class 1)

पार्थेन (pārthena) - with Arjuna, by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā/Kuntī (Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīmasena)

patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: Agent/accompaniment for aspardhata.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying aspardhata.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot warrior, great warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot warrior, hero, a warrior capable of fighting 10,000 archers

Compound type : karmadhāraya (maha+ratha)

• maha – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (charioteer)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karṇa, subject of aspardhata and āśaṃsate.

आशंसते (āśaṁsate) - he hoped, he wished, he expected

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of āśaṃs

derived from root śaṃs with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बीभत्सुम् (bībhatsum) - Arjuna (Arjuna (the detestable one, or one who causes terror, or one who is disgusted by war but fights))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - Arjuna (epithet meaning 'one who hates terrible deeds', or 'one who inspires awe/terror')

desiderative formation from root badh/bādha or bhī 'to be afraid of', 'to abhor'

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of jetum.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

derived from root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Location of action.

जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer, to defeat, to win

(indeclinable)

infinitive

derived from root ji with suffix -tum

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose.

सुदारुणे (sudāruṇe) - very terrible, very dreadful

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very terrible, exceedingly cruel, greatly fearful

prefix su- (very) + dāruṇa (terrible)

Compound type : pra-ādi tatpurusha (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, harsh, cruel
  adjective

Note: Modifies yuddhe.