महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-134, verse-26

हयानां वध्यमानानां गजानां रथिनां तथा ।
तत्र तत्राभ्यवेक्षामः संघान्कर्णेन पातितान् ॥२६॥

26. hayānāṁ vadhyamānānāṁ gajānāṁ rathināṁ tathā ,
tatra tatrābhyavekṣāmaḥ saṁghānkarṇena pātitān.

26. hayānām vadhyamānānām gajānām rathinām tathā
tatra tatra abhyavekṣāmaḥ saṅghān karṇena pātitān

26. tathā hayānām vadhyamānānām gajānām rathinām
saṅghān karṇena pātitān tatra tatra abhyavekṣāmaḥ

26. We observed groups of horses, elephants, and charioteers, who were being struck down by Karṇa, lying here and there on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

• वध्यमानानाम् (vadhyamānānām) - of those being slain/killed

• गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• अभ्यवेक्षामः (abhyavekṣāmaḥ) - we observed, we saw

• सङ्घान् (saṅghān) - groups, multitudes, hosts

• कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

• पातितान् (pātitān) - caused to fall, struck down, brought down

Words meanings and morphology

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

वध्यमानानाम् (vadhyamānānām) - of those being slain/killed

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being slain, being killed

Present Passive Participle

derived from root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) in the passive voice with 'māna' suffix

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hayānām', 'gajānām', 'rathinām'

गजानाम् (gajānām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

derived from 'ratha' (chariot) with suffix '-in'

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Used repetitively as 'tatra tatra' for 'here and there'

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Used repetitively as 'tatra tatra' for 'here and there'

अभ्यवेक्षामः (abhyavekṣāmaḥ) - we observed, we saw

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of abhyavekṣ

Imperfect tense, 1st person plural, active voice

derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ava'

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: The 'a' prefix for imperfect tense is absorbed by 'abhi'.

सङ्घान् (saṅghān) - groups, multitudes, hosts

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṅgha

saṅgha - crowd, multitude, group, assembly

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abhyavekṣāmaḥ'

कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name), ear

Note: Agent of 'pātitān'

पातितान् (pātitān) - caused to fall, struck down, brought down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pātita

pātita - caused to fall, thrown down, slain, brought down

Causative Past Passive Participle

derived from the causative stem of root 'pat' (to fall) + 'ita' suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṅghān'.