योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-74, verse-23

देहस्यास्य जडस्यार्थे किं भोगैरितिनिश्चयः ।
भिनत्त्याशामलं ज्ञाता पञ्जरं केसरी यथा ॥ २३ ॥

dehasyāsya jaḍasyārthe kiṃ bhogairitiniścayaḥ ,
bhinattyāśāmalaṃ jñātā pañjaraṃ kesarī yathā 23

23. dehasya asya jaḍasya arthe kim bhogaiḥ iti niścayaḥ
bhinatti āśā-malam jñātā pañjaram kesarī yathā

23. jñātā "asya jaḍasya dehasya arthe bhogaiḥ kim?" iti niścayaḥ yathā kesarī pañjaram,
(tathā) āśā-malam bhinatti.

23. When a knower attains the firm conviction, "What is the purpose of worldly enjoyments for this inert body?", he breaks apart the defilement of desire, just as a lion shatters a cage.

Words meanings summery:

• देहस्य (dehasya) - of the body

• अस्य (asya) - of this (body) (of this, his, its)

• जडस्य (jaḍasya) - of this inert (body) (of the inert, of the senseless, of the dull)

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the purpose of, for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

• किम् (kim) - what use? (interrogative particle implying negation) (what?, why?, what use?)

• भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - with worldly enjoyments (by enjoyments, with enjoyments)

• इति (iti) - marking the preceding question as a conviction (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - firm conviction (certainty, conviction, determination)

• भिनत्ति (bhinatti) - breaks apart, shatters (breaks, splits, pierces)

• आशा-मलम् (āśā-malam) - the defilement of desire (the defilement of desire, the impurity of hope)

• ज्ञाता (jñātā) - a knower, one who has attained spiritual knowledge (the knower, one who knows)

• पञ्जरम् (pañjaram) - a cage (cage, lattice, frame)

• केसरी (kesarī) - a lion (lion, maned animal)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

Words meanings and morphology

देहस्य (dehasya) - of the body

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, shape

अस्य (asya) - of this (body) (of this, his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Note: Agreement with 'dehasya'.

जडस्य (jaḍasya) - of this inert (body) (of the inert, of the senseless, of the dull)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jaḍa

jaḍa - inert, senseless, dull, stupid, cold

Note: Agreement with 'dehasya'.

अर्थे (arthe) - for the purpose of, for the sake of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, object

Note: With genitive, means 'for the sake of'.

किम् (kim) - what use? (interrogative particle implying negation) (what?, why?, what use?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially or as an interrogative.

भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - with worldly enjoyments (by enjoyments, with enjoyments)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, experience, possession, food, pleasure

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used with 'kim' to express 'what use is there with...'.

इति (iti) - marking the preceding question as a conviction (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - firm conviction (certainty, conviction, determination)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, conviction, determination, resolution

from root 'ci' with prefix 'nis'

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Subject of the first clause (implicitly governing 'bhinatti').

भिनत्ति (bhinatti) - breaks apart, shatters (breaks, splits, pierces)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhid

present active third singular

root 'bhid', Parasmaipada, present indicative, 3rd person singular

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Subject is 'jñātā'.

आशा-मलम् (āśā-malam) - the defilement of desire (the defilement of desire, the impurity of hope)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āśā-mala

āśā-mala - dirt/stain of desire/hope

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (āśā+mala)

• āśā – desire, hope, expectation
  noun (feminine)
• mala – dirt, impurity, defilement, sin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'bhinatti'.

ज्ञाता (jñātā) - a knower, one who has attained spiritual knowledge (the knower, one who knows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñātṛ

jñātṛ - knower, perceiver, one who understands

agent noun from root 'jñā'

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the verb 'bhinatti'.

पञ्जरम् (pañjaram) - a cage (cage, lattice, frame)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañjara

pañjara - cage, aviary, skeleton, frame

Note: Object of implied verb in simile.

केसरी (kesarī) - a lion (lion, maned animal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kesarin

kesarin - lion, having a mane

from 'kesara' (mane) + suffix '-in'

Note: Subject of the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)