महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-80

तेषां च प्रियमन्विच्छन्सूतस्य च पराभवात् ।
आर्तायनिरमित्रघ्नः क्रुद्धः सौभद्रमभ्ययात् ॥८०॥

80. teṣāṁ ca priyamanvicchansūtasya ca parābhavāt ,
ārtāyaniramitraghnaḥ kruddhaḥ saubhadramabhyayāt.

80. teṣām ca priyam anvicchan sūtasya ca parābhavāt
ārtāyaniḥ amitrghnaḥ kruddhaḥ saubhadram abhyayāt

80. teṣām ca priyam anvicchan sūtasya ca parābhavāt
amitrghnaḥ ārtāyaniḥ kruddhaḥ saubhadram abhyayāt

80. Desiring their welfare and angered by the humiliation of the charioteer (Karna), Ārtāyani, the slayer of foes, became enraged and advanced against Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Kauravas) (of them)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - welfare (dear, beloved; welfare, good)

• अन्विच्छन् (anvicchan) - desiring (seeking, desiring, searching for)

• सूतस्य (sūtasya) - of the charioteer (Karna) (of the charioteer)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पराभवात् (parābhavāt) - due to the humiliation (from defeat, due to humiliation)

• आर्तायनिः (ārtāyaniḥ) - Kṛtavarman (son of Ārtāyana) (son of Ārtāyana (Kṛtavarman))

• अमित्र्घ्नः (amitrghnaḥ) - slayer of foes (epithet of Kṛtavarman) (slayer of enemies)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā (son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu))

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - advanced against (approached, attacked, advanced against)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Kauravas) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्रियम् (priyam) - welfare (dear, beloved; welfare, good)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing; welfare, good

Used here as a substantive (neuter noun)

Root: prī (class 4)

अन्विच्छन् (anvicchan) - desiring (seeking, desiring, searching for)

(verbal derivative)

सूतस्य (sūtasya) - of the charioteer (Karna) (of the charioteer)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

Root: sū (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पराभवात् (parābhavāt) - due to the humiliation (from defeat, due to humiliation)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, humiliation, disrespect

from root bhū with prefix parā

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

आर्तायनिः (ārtāyaniḥ) - Kṛtavarman (son of Ārtāyana) (son of Ārtāyana (Kṛtavarman))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtāyani

ārtāyani - patronymic of Kṛtavarman, son of Ārtāyana

अमित्र्घ्नः (amitrghnaḥ) - slayer of foes (epithet of Kṛtavarman) (slayer of enemies)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amitraghna

amitraghna - slayer of enemies

compound of amitra (enemy) and ghna (slayer), from root han (to strike/kill)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amitra+ghna)

• amitra – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  compound a-mitra (not friend)
• ghna – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  from root han, to strike/kill
  Root: han (class 2)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

from root krudh, to be angry

Root: krudh (class 4)

सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadrā (son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

patronymic from Subhadrā

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - advanced against (approached, attacked, advanced against)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-i

Imperfect (Laṅ) 3rd singular, from root i with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

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