महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-58

ततः सैन्धवमालोक्य कार्ष्णिरुत्सृज्य पौरवम् ।
उत्पपात रथात्तूर्णं श्येनवन्निपपात च ॥५८॥

58. tataḥ saindhavamālokya kārṣṇirutsṛjya pauravam ,
utpapāta rathāttūrṇaṁ śyenavannipapāta ca.

58. tataḥ saindhavam ālokya kārṣṇiḥ utsṛjya pauravam
utpapāta rathāt tūrṇam śyenavat nipapāta ca

58. tataḥ kārṣṇiḥ saindhavam ālokya pauravam utsṛjya
tūrṇam rathāt utpapāta ca śyenavat nipapāta

58. Then, seeing the king of Sindhu (Jayadratha), Kṛṣṇa's descendant (Abhimanyu), abandoning the Paurava (Bhūriśravas), swiftly leaped from the chariot and swooped down like a hawk.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (the king of Sindhu, a native of Sindhu)

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, perceiving

• कार्ष्णिः (kārṣṇiḥ) - Abhimanyu, who is related to Kṛṣṇa (nephew) (descendant of Kṛṣṇa)

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left

• पौरवम् (pauravam) - Bhūriśravas, a descendant of Puru (the Paurava)

• उत्पपात (utpapāta) - he leaped up, he sprang up

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

• श्येनवत् (śyenavat) - like a hawk, like an eagle

• निपपात (nipapāta) - he fell down, he swooped down

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu (the king of Sindhu, a native of Sindhu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu, a king of Sindhu

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

कार्ष्णिः (kārṣṇiḥ) - Abhimanyu, who is related to Kṛṣṇa (nephew) (descendant of Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārṣṇi

kārṣṇi - descendant of Kṛṣṇa; son of Arjuna by Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

पौरवम् (pauravam) - Bhūriśravas, a descendant of Puru (the Paurava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paurava

paurava - descendant of Puru; a king of the Puru dynasty

उत्पपात (utpapāta) - he leaped up, he sprang up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of utpat

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter singular of adjective 'tūrṇa'.

श्येनवत् (śyenavat) - like a hawk, like an eagle

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix 'vat' (like, similar to) from 'śyena'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śyena+vat)

• śyena – hawk, eagle, falcon
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, similar to, having
  suffix/indeclinable

निपपात (nipapāta) - he fell down, he swooped down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nipat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

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