महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-17

निहतान्प्राणिनः संख्ये द्रोणेन बलिना शरैः ।
वहन्तीं पितृलोकाय शतशो राजसत्तम ॥१७॥

17. nihatānprāṇinaḥ saṁkhye droṇena balinā śaraiḥ ,
vahantīṁ pitṛlokāya śataśo rājasattama.

17. nihatān prāṇinaḥ saṃkhye droṇena balinā śaraiḥ
vahantīm pitṛlokāya śataśaḥ rājasattama

17. rājasattama saṃkhye droṇena balinā śaraiḥ
nihatān prāṇinaḥ śataśaḥ pitṛlokāya vahantīm

17. O best of kings, this (river) was carrying by hundreds to the ancestral realm the living beings slain in battle by the mighty Droṇa with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• निहतान् (nihatān) - the slaughtered (creatures) (slain, killed, struck down)

• प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings, creatures, animate beings

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in war, in number)

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• बलिना (balinā) - by the powerful, by the strong

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• वहन्तीम् (vahantīm) - carrying, bearing, flowing

• पितृलोकाय (pitṛlokāya) - to the realm of ancestors, to the world of the fathers

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings, chief among kings

Words meanings and morphology

निहतान् (nihatān) - the slaughtered (creatures) (slain, killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From ni + han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'prāṇinaḥ'.

प्राणिनः (prāṇinaḥ) - living beings, creatures, animate beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇin

prāṇin - living being, creature, animate being

From prāṇa (life breath) + -in suffix.

Note: Object of 'vahantīm'.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in war, in number)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, number

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a warrior and teacher)

Note: Agent of killing.

बलिना (balinā) - by the powerful, by the strong

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty

From bala (strength) + -in suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'Droṇa'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Means of killing.

वहन्तीम् (vahantīm) - carrying, bearing, flowing

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vahant

vahant - carrying, bearing, flowing

Present Active Participle

From vah (to carry, flow). Feminine form.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nadīm' (river).

पितृलोकाय (pitṛlokāya) - to the realm of ancestors, to the world of the fathers

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pitṛloka

pitṛloka - world of the ancestors, ancestral realm

Compound noun, 'pitṛ' (ancestor) + 'loka' (world).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+loka)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Purpose/destination.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, in hundreds

(indeclinable)

Derived from śata (hundred) with -śaḥ suffix.

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings, chief among kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings, chief among kings

Superlative compound, rājan (king) + sattama (most excellent).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama.

Note: Address to a king.

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