महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततः स पाण्डवानीके जनयंस्तुमुलं महत् ।
व्यचरत्पाण्डवान्द्रोणो दहन्कक्षमिवानलः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataḥ sa pāṇḍavānīke janayaṁstumulaṁ mahat ,
vyacaratpāṇḍavāndroṇo dahankakṣamivānalaḥ.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ saḥ pāṇḍavānīke janayan tumulam
mahat vyacarat pāṇḍavān droṇaḥ dahan kakṣam iva analaḥ

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ saḥ droṇaḥ pāṇḍavānīke mahat
tumulam janayan analaḥ kakṣam iva pāṇḍavān dahan vyacarat

1. Saṃjaya said: Then, that Droṇa, creating a great uproar in the Pāṇḍava army, moved about among the Pāṇḍavas, burning them like a fire consumes dry grass.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Droṇa) (he, that)

• पाण्डवानीके (pāṇḍavānīke) - in the Pāṇḍava army

• जनयन् (janayan) - creating (causing, generating, creating)

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - great uproar (great commotion, uproar, din)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, extensive)

• व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - he moved about (he moved about, roamed, wandered)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍava warriors/side (the Pāṇḍavas)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name))

• दहन् (dahan) - burning (burning, consuming)

• कक्षम् (kakṣam) - dry grass (dry grass, thicket, forest)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अनलः (analaḥ) - fire (fire, Agni (god of fire))

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Liṭ)

3rd person singular active voice perfect of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Formed from the pronoun tad (that) with the suffix -tas.

सः (saḥ) - he (Droṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

Note: Coreferent with droṇaḥ.

पाण्डवानीके (pāṇḍavānīke) - in the Pāṇḍava army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pāṇḍavānīka

pāṇḍavānīka - Pāṇḍava army/force

Tatpurusha compound: pāṇḍava + anīka.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+anīka)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava
  proper noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)

जनयन् (janayan) - creating (causing, generating, creating)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janayat

janayat - causing, generating, creating

Present Active Participle (causative)

From causative of √jan (to be born) + śatṛ.

Root: jan (class 4)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - great uproar (great commotion, uproar, din)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, great commotion, uproar

Note: Object of janayan.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, extensive)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty

Note: Agrees with tumulam.

व्यचरत् (vyacarat) - he moved about (he moved about, roamed, wandered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyacar

Imperfect (Laṅ)

From vi-√car (to move).

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍava warriors/side (the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Note: Object of action dahan (implicitly, as "burning" implies acting upon them).

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a preceptor in the Mahābhārata)

दहन् (dahan) - burning (burning, consuming)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dahat

dahat - burning, consuming, scorching

Present Active Participle

From √dah (to burn) + śatṛ.

Root: dah (class 1)

कक्षम् (kakṣam) - dry grass (dry grass, thicket, forest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kakṣa

kakṣa - dry grass, brushwood, thicket, forest, armpit

Note: Object of dahan.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

अनलः (analaḥ) - fire (fire, Agni (god of fire))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anala

anala - fire, Agni, god of fire

Literally "not-wind" (a-anila), as fire cannot exist without wind.

Note: Compared to Droṇa.

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