महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-23

सौबलस्तु गदां गृह्य प्रचस्कन्द रथोत्तमात् ।
स तस्य गदया राजन्रथात्सूतमपातयत् ॥२३॥

23. saubalastu gadāṁ gṛhya pracaskanda rathottamāt ,
sa tasya gadayā rājanrathātsūtamapātayat.

23. saubalaḥ tu gadāṃ gṛhya pracaskanda rathottamāt
saḥ tasya gadayā rājan rathāt sūtam apātayat

23. rājan saubalaḥ tu gadāṃ gṛhya rathottamāt
pracaskanda saḥ tasya rathāt sūtam gadayā apātayat

23. O King, Saubala, taking a mace, jumped down from his excellent chariot. He then struck down his opponent's charioteer from the chariot with that mace.

Words meanings summery:

• सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Śakuni, son of Subala (Saubala, son of Subala)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• गदां (gadāṁ) - mace (mace, club)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken (having taken, seizing)

• प्रचस्कन्द (pracaskanda) - jumped down (jumped down, leapt forth)

• रथोत्तमात् (rathottamāt) - from his excellent chariot (from the excellent chariot)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (opponent's) (his, of him, of that)

• गदया (gadayā) - with the mace (by the mace, with the club)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

• अपातयत् (apātayat) - struck down (struck down, caused to fall)

Words meanings and morphology

सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Śakuni, son of Subala (Saubala, son of Subala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala, Śakuni

patronymic from subala

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

गदां (gadāṁ) - mace (mace, club)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken (having taken, seizing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root grah (9th class) with suffix -ya

Root: grah (class 9)

प्रचस्कन्द (pracaskanda) - jumped down (jumped down, leapt forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of skand

perfect active 3rd person singular

from root skand (1st class) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: skand (class 1)

रथोत्तमात् (rathottamāt) - from his excellent chariot (from the excellent chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathottama

rathottama - excellent chariot, best chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+uttama)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of ud

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - his (opponent's) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गदया (gadayā) - with the mace (by the mace, with the club)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, son (of a kṣatriya by a brāhmaṇī)

अपातयत् (apātayat) - struck down (struck down, caused to fall)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pat

causative imperfect active 3rd person singular

from root pat (1st class) with causative suffix -i (ṇic) and augment a-

Root: pat (class 1)