महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-38

द्रुपदस्तु स्वयं राजा भगदत्तेन संगतः ।
तयोर्युद्धं महाराज चित्ररूपमिवाभवत् ।
भूतानां त्रासजननं चक्रातेऽस्त्रविशारदौ ॥३८॥

38. drupadastu svayaṁ rājā bhagadattena saṁgataḥ ,
tayoryuddhaṁ mahārāja citrarūpamivābhavat ,
bhūtānāṁ trāsajananaṁ cakrāte'straviśāradau.

38. drupadaḥ tu svayam rājā bhagadattena
saṃgataḥ tayoḥ yuddham mahārāja
citrarūpam iva abhavat bhūtānām
trāsajananam cakrāte astraviśāradau

38. mahārāja drupadaḥ rājā svayam tu
bhagadattena saṃgataḥ tayoḥ yuddham
citrarūpam iva abhavat astraviśāradau
bhūtānām trāsajananam cakrāte

38. But King Drupada himself met Bhagadatta. Their battle, O great king, was of a wondrous nature, as these two experts in weaponry caused terror to all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (king of Pañcāla)

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, by himself, personally

• राजा (rājā) - king

• भगदत्तेन (bhagadattena) - with Bhagadatta, the king of Pragjyotiṣa (with Bhagadatta)

• संगतः (saṁgataḥ) - engaged, met, joined

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of Drupada and Bhagadatta (of them two, their (dual))

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, combat

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing the listener (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahabharata) (O great king!)

• चित्ररूपम् (citrarūpam) - of wondrous form, strange, varied

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, existed

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all living creatures observing the battle (of beings, creatures)

• त्रासजननम् (trāsajananam) - causing terror, generating fear

• चक्राते (cakrāte) - they two performed, did, made

• अस्त्रविशारदौ (astraviśāradau) - Drupada and Bhagadatta, being highly skilled in warfare (the two experts in weapons, two skilled in archery)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (king of Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - name of a king of Pañcāla

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, by himself, personally

(indeclinable)

Reflexive pronoun used adverbially.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

भगदत्तेन (bhagadattena) - with Bhagadatta, the king of Pragjyotiṣa (with Bhagadatta)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - name of the king of Pragjyotiṣa

Note: Indicates the companion with whom Drupada engaged.

संगतः (saṁgataḥ) - engaged, met, joined

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgata

gam - to go, move, meet

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of gam with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with drupadaḥ.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of Drupada and Bhagadatta (of them two, their (dual))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive/Locative dual of tad.

Note: Possessive for yuddham.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, combat

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, combat, war

Past Passive Participle (derived from yudh)

Root yudh (to fight) + kta suffix (PPP) used as a noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing the listener (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahabharata) (O great king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, immense
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

चित्ररूपम् (citrarūpam) - of wondrous form, strange, varied

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citrarūpa

citrarūpa - having various forms, of wondrous appearance, strange, variegated

Compound type : karmadhāraya (citra+rūpa)

• citra – variegated, wonderful, strange, brilliant
  adjective (neuter)
• rūpa – form, appearance, nature, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicative adjective for yuddham.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of all living creatures observing the battle (of beings, creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - a being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle (from bhū)

Past Passive Participle of bhū used as a noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Governed by trāsajananam.

त्रासजननम् (trāsajananam) - causing terror, generating fear

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trāsajanana

trāsajanana - causing terror/fear, frightening

Compound formed from trāsa (fear/terror) and janana (causing/producing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trāsa+janana)

• trāsa – fear, terror, alarm
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root trās (to tremble, be frightened).
  Root: trās (class 1)
• janana – producing, generating, causing
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal noun
  From root jan (to produce, generate) + lyuṭ suffix.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Acts as a predicate to cakrāte, describing what was caused/performed.

चक्राते (cakrāte) - they two performed, did, made

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect (liṭ), 3rd person dual, middle voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अस्त्रविशारदौ (astraviśāradau) - Drupada and Bhagadatta, being highly skilled in warfare (the two experts in weapons, two skilled in archery)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of astraviśārada

astraviśārada - skilled in weaponry, expert in missiles

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+viśārada)

• astra – weapon, missile, projectile
  noun (neuter)
• viśārada – expert, skilled, proficient, experienced
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of cakrāte.