महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-4

रथिनः सादिनश्चैव नागानश्वान्पदातिनः ।
रौद्रा हस्तवता मुक्ताः प्रमथ्नन्ति स्म सायकाः ॥४॥

4. rathinaḥ sādinaścaiva nāgānaśvānpadātinaḥ ,
raudrā hastavatā muktāḥ pramathnanti sma sāyakāḥ.

4. rathinaḥ sādinaḥ ca eva nāgān aśvān padātinaḥ
raudrāḥ hastavatā muktāḥ pramathnanti sma sāyakāḥ

4. hastavatā muktāḥ raudrāḥ sāyakāḥ rathinaḥ ca eva
sādinaḥ nāgān aśvān padātinaḥ pramathnanti sma

4. The fierce arrows, released by the skilled archer, crushed the charioteers, cavalrymen, elephants, horses, and foot-soldiers.

Words meanings summery:

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteers, warriors in chariots)

• सादिनः (sādinaḥ) - cavalrymen (horse-riders, cavalrymen, those mounted)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing the group) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (elephants, serpents, mountain-dwellers)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• पदातिनः (padātinaḥ) - foot-soldiers (foot-soldiers, pedestrians)

• रौद्राः (raudrāḥ) - fierce (fierce, terrible, dreadful, furious)

• हस्तवता (hastavatā) - by the skilled archer (by the one with hands, by the skilled one, by the archer)

• मुक्ताः (muktāḥ) - released, shot (released, shot, liberated)

• प्रमथ्नन्ति (pramathnanti) - they crushed, they destroyed (they crush, they destroy, they harass)

• स्म (sma) - (indicating past action) ((particle denoting past action with present tense verb))

• सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows

Words meanings and morphology

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteers, warriors in chariots)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, possessor of a chariot

From `ratha` (chariot) + `in` (possessive suffix).

Note: Object of `pramathnanti`.

सादिनः (sādinaḥ) - cavalrymen (horse-riders, cavalrymen, those mounted)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sādin

sādin - horse-rider, mounted soldier

From `sada` (sitting, riding) + `in` (possessive suffix).

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of `pramathnanti`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing the group) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (elephants, serpents, mountain-dwellers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - elephant, serpent, mountain-dweller

Note: Object of `pramathnanti`.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of `pramathnanti`.

पदातिनः (padātinaḥ) - foot-soldiers (foot-soldiers, pedestrians)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of padātin

padātin - foot-soldier, pedestrian

From `pad` (foot) + `atin` (suffix).

Note: Object of `pramathnanti`.

रौद्राः (raudrāḥ) - fierce (fierce, terrible, dreadful, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, relating to Rudra

Derived from `rudra` (name of a deity, fierce) + `aṇ` suffix.

Root: rud

हस्तवता (hastavatā) - by the skilled archer (by the one with hands, by the skilled one, by the archer)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hastavat

hastavat - having hands, skillful, dexterous

From `hasta` (hand) + `matup` (possessive suffix).

Note: Agent of the action `muktāḥ`.

मुक्ताः (muktāḥ) - released, shot (released, shot, liberated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mukta

mukta - released, freed, discharged, shot

Past Passive Participle

From root `muc` (to release, free) + `kta` suffix.

Root: muc (class 6)

प्रमथ्नन्ति (pramathnanti) - they crushed, they destroyed (they crush, they destroy, they harass)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pramath

Present tense, active voice.

Root `math` (to churn, destroy) with `pra` prefix. 3rd person plural Paras. ending `anti`.

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 9)

स्म (sma) - (indicating past action) ((particle denoting past action with present tense verb))

(indeclinable)

Historical particle.

सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow

From root `si` (to bind, loose) or `ṣo` (to sharpen) + `ka` suffix.

Root: si (class 5)