महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-13, verse-20

तानभिद्रवतः शूरांस्तावका दृढकार्मुकाः ।
सर्वतः प्रत्यगृह्णन्त तदभूल्लोमहर्षणम् ॥२०॥

20. tānabhidravataḥ śūrāṁstāvakā dṛḍhakārmukāḥ ,
sarvataḥ pratyagṛhṇanta tadabhūllomaharṣaṇam.

20. tān abhidravataḥ śūrān tāvakāḥ dṛḍhakārmukāḥ
sarvataḥ pratyagṛhṇanta tat abhūt lōmaharṣaṇam

20. dṛḍhakārmukāḥ tāvakāḥ śūrān tān abhidravataḥ
sarvataḥ pratyagṛhṇanta tat lōmaharṣaṇam abhūt

20. Your (Kaurava) brave warriors, holding firm bows, counterattacked those rushing heroes from all sides. That spectacle was truly hair-raising.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those Pāṇḍava warriors (those)

• अभिद्रवतः (abhidravataḥ) - those who were rushing (rushing, attacking)

• शूरान् (śūrān) - heroes, brave ones

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - the Kaurava warriors (your (men/side), belonging to you)

• दृढकार्मुकाः (dṛḍhakārmukāḥ) - with strong bows, having firm bows

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

• प्रत्यगृह्णन्त (pratyagṛhṇanta) - they received, countered, opposed

• तत् (tat) - that event/sight (that)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it became

• ल्ओमहर्षणम् (lōmaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, causing goosebumps, thrilling

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those Pāṇḍava warriors (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of pratyagṛhṇanta, qualifying śūrān and abhidravataḥ.

अभिद्रवतः (abhidravataḥ) - those who were rushing (rushing, attacking)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of abhidravat

abhidravat - rushing towards, attacking

Present Active Participle

From root √dru (to run) with upasarga abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śūrān.

शूरान् (śūrān) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Object of pratyagṛhṇanta.

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - the Kaurava warriors (your (men/side), belonging to you)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, relating to you, belonging to you

Taddhita formation from yuşmad (you)

Note: Subject of pratyagṛhṇanta.

दृढकार्मुकाः (dṛḍhakārmukāḥ) - with strong bows, having firm bows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dṛḍhakārmuka

dṛḍhakārmuka - having a strong bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+kārmuka)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, solid
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dṛh (to be firm)
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• kārmuka – bow, made of wood (karmuka tree)
  noun (neuter)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Taddhita suffix -tas

प्रत्यगृह्णन्त (pratyagṛhṇanta) - they received, countered, opposed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyagṛhṇanta

Imperfect Middle

From root √grah (to seize) with upasarga prati- + ā- (prati + ā + grah).

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: grah (class 9)

तत् (tat) - that event/sight (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of abhūt.

अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of abhūt

Aorist Active

Aorist form of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ल्ओमहर्षणम् (lōmaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, causing goosebumps, thrilling

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lōmaharṣaṇa

lōmaharṣaṇa - causing the hair to stand on end, thrilling, horrifying

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (lōman+harṣaṇa)

• lōman – hair, body hair
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing joy, exciting, causing to stand erect (hair)
  adjective (neuter)
  Causative Agent noun/adjective
  From root √hṛṣ (to thrill, be excited)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)