महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-43, verse-40

घटोत्कचस्तु संक्रुद्धो राक्षसं तं महाबलम् ।
नवत्या सायकैस्तीक्ष्णैर्दारयामास भारत ॥४०॥

40. ghaṭotkacastu saṁkruddho rākṣasaṁ taṁ mahābalam ,
navatyā sāyakaistīkṣṇairdārayāmāsa bhārata.

40. ghaṭotkacaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ rākṣasam tam mahābalam
navatyā sāyakaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ dārayāmāsa bhārata

40. bhārata,
ghaṭotkacaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ navatyā tīkṣṇaiḥ sāyakaiḥ tam mahābalam rākṣasam dārayāmāsa

40. O Bharata, Ghatotkaca, greatly enraged, indeed pierced that extremely mighty Raksasa with ninety sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghatotkaca (name of a Raksasa, son of Bhima)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, very angry

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the Raksasa (Alambusa) (demon, Raksasa)

• तम् (tam) - that (Alambusa) (him, that)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - (the Raksasa) of great strength (of great strength, mighty)

• नवत्या (navatyā) - with ninety

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, with keen)

• दारयामास (dārayāmāsa) - he rent, he tore, he pierced

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra / Sanjaya (O Bharata (descendant of Bharata, addressing Dhritarashtra or Sanjaya))

Words meanings and morphology

घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghatotkaca (name of a Raksasa, son of Bhima)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghatotkaca (name of a prominent Raksasa in the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, very angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krudh with upasarga sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the Raksasa (Alambusa) (demon, Raksasa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Raksasa

तम् (tam) - that (Alambusa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Alambusa, the Raksasa.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - (the Raksasa) of great strength (of great strength, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, might, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'rākṣasam' and 'tam'.

नवत्या (navatyā) - with ninety

(numeral)

Note: Used with plural 'sāyakaiḥ', which is common for higher numerals (navati, śata, sahasra etc.) where the noun is in instrumental plural while the numeral itself is in instrumental singular.

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow

From √si 'to bind' or √sā 'to destroy' with -aka suffix.

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, with keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, piercing, fiery

Note: Agrees with 'sāyakaiḥ'.

दारयामास (dārayāmāsa) - he rent, he tore, he pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (ām) of dāray

Causative verb

Causative stem of root √dṛ (to tear, burst). Perfect tense formation involves 'āmāsa'.

Root: dṛ (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect using 'āmāsa'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhritarashtra / Sanjaya (O Bharata (descendant of Bharata, addressing Dhritarashtra or Sanjaya))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata