महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-43, verse-32

सौमदत्तिं रणे शङ्खो रभसं रभसो युधि ।
प्रत्युद्ययौ महाराज तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति चाब्रवीत् ॥३२॥

32. saumadattiṁ raṇe śaṅkho rabhasaṁ rabhaso yudhi ,
pratyudyayau mahārāja tiṣṭha tiṣṭheti cābravīt.

32. saumadattim raṇe śaṅkhaḥ rabhasam rabhasaḥ yudhi |
pratyudyayau mahārāja tiṣṭha tiṣṭha iti ca abravīt

32. mahārāja raṇe yudhi rabhasaḥ śaṅkhaḥ rabhasam
saumadattim pratyudyayau ca tiṣṭha tiṣṭha iti abravīt

32. O great king, in the battle, the impetuous Śaṅkha rushed aggressively towards the equally impetuous Saumadatti, and he said, 'Stop! Stop!'

Words meanings summery:

• सौमदत्तिम् (saumadattim) - Bhūriśravas (son of Somadatta) (Saumadatti (son of Somadatta))

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• शङ्खः (śaṅkhaḥ) - Śaṅkha

• रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous (referring to Saumadatti) (impetuous, aggressive, violent)

• रभसः (rabhasaḥ) - impetuous (referring to Śaṅkha) (impetuous, aggressive, violent)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• प्रत्युद्ययौ (pratyudyayau) - confronted (confronted, rushed against, advanced towards)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (stand, stop)

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (stand, stop)

• इति (iti) - (marks direct speech) (thus, so (quotation marker))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

सौमदत्तिम् (saumadattim) - Bhūriśravas (son of Somadatta) (Saumadatti (son of Somadatta))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - descendant of Somadatta, a patronymic, often referring to Bhūriśravas

Note: Object of 'pratyudyayau'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

शङ्खः (śaṅkhaḥ) - Śaṅkha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - name of a warrior (son of Virāṭa)

Note: Subject of 'pratyudyayau'.

रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous (referring to Saumadatti) (impetuous, aggressive, violent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuosity, vehemence, fury, aggressive

From root rabh (to take, to seize, to be eager).

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saumadattim'.

रभसः (rabhasaḥ) - impetuous (referring to Śaṅkha) (impetuous, aggressive, violent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuosity, vehemence, fury, aggressive

From root rabh (to take, to seize, to be eager).

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śaṅkhaḥ'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Synonymous with 'raṇe'.

प्रत्युद्ययौ (pratyudyayau) - confronted (confronted, rushed against, advanced towards)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prati-ud-i

Perfect 3rd person singular active voice

Perfect form of root i (to go) with prefixes prati and ud.

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'śaṅkhaḥ'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya.

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (stand, stop)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Imperative 2nd person singular active voice

Root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - Stop! (stand, stop)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Imperative 2nd person singular active voice

Root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

इति (iti) - (marks direct speech) (thus, so (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd person singular active voice

Root brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'śaṅkhaḥ'.