महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-43, verse-21

तस्य माद्रीसुतः केतुं सशरं च शरासनम् ।
चिच्छेद निशितैर्बाणैः प्रहसन्निव भारत ।
अथैनं पञ्चविंशत्या क्षुद्रकाणां समार्दयत् ॥२१॥

21. tasya mādrīsutaḥ ketuṁ saśaraṁ ca śarāsanam ,
ciccheda niśitairbāṇaiḥ prahasanniva bhārata ,
athainaṁ pañcaviṁśatyā kṣudrakāṇāṁ samārdayat.

21. tasya mādrīsutaḥ ketuṃ saśaraṃ ca
śarāsanam ciccheda niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ
prahasan iva bhārata atha enaṃ
pañcaviṃśatyā kṣudrakāṇāṃ samārdayat

21. bhārata mādrīsutaḥ prahasan iva
tasya ketuṃ saśaraṃ ca śarāsanam
niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ ciccheda atha enaṃ
pañcaviṃśatyā kṣudrakāṇāṃ samārdayat

21. O Bhārata, Mādrī's son (Nākula), as if laughing, cut down his (Lakṣmaṇa's) banner, along with his arrow and bow, with keen arrows. Then, he afflicted him with twenty-five small arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

• माद्रीसुतः (mādrīsutaḥ) - Nakula (son of Mādrī) (son of Mādrī)

• केतुं (ketuṁ) - banner, flag, sign

• सशरं (saśaraṁ) - with an arrow, along with an arrow

• च (ca) - and

• शरासनम् (śarāsanam) - bow (literally, arrow-seat)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he severed

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by keen

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in the Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata)

• अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

• एनं (enaṁ) - Lakṣmaṇa (him)

• पञ्चविंशत्या (pañcaviṁśatyā) - by twenty-five

• क्षुद्रकाणां (kṣudrakāṇāṁ) - of small ones, of small arrows

• समार्दयत् (samārdayat) - he harassed, he afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Lakṣmaṇa, Duryodhana's son.

माद्रीसुतः (mādrīsutaḥ) - Nakula (son of Mādrī) (son of Mādrī)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādrīsuta

mādrīsuta - son of Mādrī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+suta)

• mādrī – Mādrī (name of a queen of Pāṇḍu)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)

केतुं (ketuṁ) - banner, flag, sign

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ketu

ketu - banner, flag, sign, emblem

सशरं (saśaraṁ) - with an arrow, along with an arrow

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saśara

saśara - with an arrow, having an arrow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with śarāsanam.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शरासनम् (śarāsanam) - bow (literally, arrow-seat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarāsana

śarāsana - bow (weapon)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+āsana)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āsana – seat, place of sitting
  noun (neuter)

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √chid

Perfect Active

Reduplicated Perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: chid (class 7)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, keen, whetted, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

from ni-√śo (to sharpen)

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with bāṇaiḥ.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

from pra-√has (to laugh)

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mādrīsutaḥ.

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (common address in the Mahābhārata) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata

अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

(indeclinable)

एनं (enaṁ) - Lakṣmaṇa (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, him, her, it

पञ्चविंशत्या (pañcaviṁśatyā) - by twenty-five

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (pañcan+viṃśati)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• viṃśati – twenty
  numeral (feminine)

क्षुद्रकाणां (kṣudrakāṇāṁ) - of small ones, of small arrows

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣudraka

kṣudraka - small, minute, inferior

Diminutive of kṣudra

समार्दयत् (samārdayat) - he harassed, he afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √mṛd

Imperfect Active, Causative

from saṃ-√mṛd, causative stem 'mārdaya', imperfect, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛd (class 9)