महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-43, verse-23

दुर्मुखः सहदेवं तु प्रत्युद्याय महाबलम् ।
विव्याध शरवर्षेण यतमानं महाहवे ॥२३॥

23. durmukhaḥ sahadevaṁ tu pratyudyāya mahābalam ,
vivyādha śaravarṣeṇa yatamānaṁ mahāhave.

23. durmukhaḥ sahadevaṃ tu pratyudyāya mahābalam
vivyādha śaravarṣeṇa yatamānaṃ mahāhave

23. tu durmukhaḥ mahābalam sahadevaṃ pratyudyāya
mahāhave yatamānaṃ śaravarṣeṇa vivyādha

23. Durmukha, however, having confronted the mighty Sahadeva, pierced him with a shower of arrows as he exerted himself in the great battle.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्मुखः (durmukhaḥ) - Durmukha (name of a warrior)

• सहदेवं (sahadevaṁ) - Sahadeva

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• प्रत्युद्याय (pratyudyāya) - having advanced against, having confronted

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - mighty, of great strength

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he wounded

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a rain of arrows, by a shower of arrows

• यतमानं (yatamānaṁ) - striving, exerting oneself

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्मुखः (durmukhaḥ) - Durmukha (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmukha

durmukha - Durmukha (name of a Kaurava warrior), ill-faced, unpleasant-faced

सहदेवं (sahadevaṁ) - Sahadeva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of a Pāṇḍava), with the gods

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युद्याय (pratyudyāya) - having advanced against, having confronted

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

from prati-ud-√yā, having gone against/forth

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: yā (class 2)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with sahadevaṃ.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √vyadh

Perfect Active

Reduplicated Perfect, 3rd person singular

Root: vyadh (class 4)

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a rain of arrows, by a shower of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - rain of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, showering
  noun (neuter)

यतमानं (yatamānaṁ) - striving, exerting oneself

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present Middle Participle

from √yat (to strive, endeavor)

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with sahadevaṃ.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)