महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-43, verse-14

अभिमन्युर्महेष्वासो बृहद्बलमयोधयत् ।
ततः कोसलको राजा सौभद्रस्य विशां पते ।
ध्वजं चिच्छेद समरे सारथिं च न्यपातयत् ॥१४॥

14. abhimanyurmaheṣvāso bṛhadbalamayodhayat ,
tataḥ kosalako rājā saubhadrasya viśāṁ pate ,
dhvajaṁ ciccheda samare sārathiṁ ca nyapātayat.

14. Abhimanyuḥ mahā iṣvāsaḥ bṛhadbalam
ayodhayat tataḥ kosalakaḥ rājā
saubhadrasya viśāṃ pate dhvajaṃ ciccheda
samare sārathiṃ ca nyapātayat

14. viśāṃ pate,
maheṣvāsaḥ Abhimanyuḥ bṛhadbalam ayodhayat.
tataḥ kosalakaḥ rājā samare saubhadrasya dhvajaṃ ciccheda ca sārathiṃ nyapātayat.

14. Abhimanyu, the great archer, fought Brihadbala. Then, O lord of people (viśāṃ pate), the King of Kosala (Brihadbala) cut down Saubhadra's (Abhimanyu's) banner in battle and struck down his charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu

• महा इष्वासः (mahā iṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer

• बृहद्बलम् (bṛhadbalam) - Brihadbala

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• कोसलकः (kosalakaḥ) - King of Kosala (Brihadbala) (of Kosala, belonging to Kosala)

• राजा (rājā) - King Brihadbala (king)

• सौभद्रस्य (saubhadrasya) - of Abhimanyu (of Saubhadra)

• विशां (viśāṁ) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord of people (O lord, O master)

• ध्वजं (dhvajaṁ) - Abhimanyu's banner (banner, flag)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut down, he split

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• सारथिं (sārathiṁ) - Abhimanyu's charioteer (charioteer)

• च (ca) - and

• न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - he struck down, he caused to fall

Words meanings and morphology

अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Abhimanyu

Abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna and Subhadra)

महा इष्वासः (mahā iṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a mighty bow

Compound of mahā (great) + iṣvāsa (archer)

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Abhimanyu.

बृहद्बलम् (bṛhadbalam) - Brihadbala

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhadbala

bṛhadbala - Brihadbala (a king of Kosala, ally of the Kauravas)

Note: Object of the verb 'ayodhayat'.

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Singular (causative)

Causative of √yudh (to fight); the form is ayodhaya + t

Root: yudh (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Locative or ablative adverbial derivative of 'tad'

कोसलकः (kosalakaḥ) - King of Kosala (Brihadbala) (of Kosala, belonging to Kosala)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kosalaka

kosalaka - inhabitant of Kosala, related to Kosala

Derived from Kosala (name of a kingdom)

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - King Brihadbala (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Refers to Brihadbala.

सौभद्रस्य (saubhadrasya) - of Abhimanyu (of Saubhadra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra (i.e., Abhimanyu)

Derived from Subhadrā (mother's name)

Note: Possessive case, referring to Abhimanyu.

विशां (viśāṁ) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, inhabitants, subjects

Note: Part of the compound 'viśāṃ pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord of people (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Addressing the listener (Dhritarashtra).

ध्वजं (dhvajaṁ) - Abhimanyu's banner (banner, flag)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut down, he split

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Singular

Reduplicated perfect of √chid (7th class, takes 'na' infix in present)

Root: chid (class 7)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

सारथिं (sārathiṁ) - Abhimanyu's charioteer (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

Note: Object of 'nyapātayat'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions of the king.

न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - he struck down, he caused to fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd Singular (causative)

Causative of √pat (to fall) with prefix ni; ni-apātayat

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)