महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-43, verse-30

शरं चैव महाघोरं कालदण्डमिवापरम् ।
प्रेषयामास समरे सोऽस्य काये न्यमज्जत ॥३०॥

30. śaraṁ caiva mahāghoraṁ kāladaṇḍamivāparam ,
preṣayāmāsa samare so'sya kāye nyamajjata.

30. śaram ca eva mahāghoram kāladaṇḍam iva aparam
| preṣayāmāsa samare saḥ asya kāye nyamajjata

30. ca eva mahāghoram aparam kāladaṇḍam iva śaram
samare preṣayāmāsa saḥ asya kāye nyamajjata

30. And he dispatched another exceedingly dreadful arrow in battle, which was like the rod of Death (Kāla), and it plunged into his body.

Words meanings summery:

• शरम् (śaram) - arrow

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, only, just)

• महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - exceedingly dreadful (exceedingly dreadful, very terrible)

• कालदण्डम् (kāladaṇḍam) - rod of Death (Kāla)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अपरम् (aparam) - another (arrow) (another, other, subsequent)

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - dispatched (dispatched, sent forth)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• सः (saḥ) - it (the arrow) (he, that (arrow))

• अस्य (asya) - his (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's) (his, of this, for him)

• काये (kāye) - in the body

• न्यमज्जत (nyamajjata) - plunged into (plunged, sank into)

Words meanings and morphology

शरम् (śaram) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dispatched'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

महाघोरम् (mahāghoram) - exceedingly dreadful (exceedingly dreadful, very terrible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāghora

mahāghora - exceedingly dreadful, very terrible, extremely fierce

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ghora)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śaram'.

कालदण्डम् (kāladaṇḍam) - rod of Death (Kāla)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāladaṇḍa

kāladaṇḍa - rod of Death (Yama), club of time

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kāla+daṇḍa)

• kāla – time, Death, Yama
  noun (masculine)
• daṇḍa – rod, stick, staff, punishment
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of the simile, 'like the rod of Death'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अपरम् (aparam) - another (arrow) (another, other, subsequent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

Note: Qualifies 'śaram'.

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - dispatched (dispatched, sent forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-iṣ

Perfect 3rd person singular active voice (periphrastic)

Periphrastic perfect of root iṣ with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject is Droṇa (implied).

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

Root: smṛ (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - it (the arrow) (he, that (arrow))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'śaram'.

अस्य (asya) - his (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's) (his, of this, for him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

काये (kāye) - in the body

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāya

kāya - body

न्यमज्जत (nyamajjata) - plunged into (plunged, sank into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ni-majj

Imperfect 3rd person singular active voice (from root majj with prefix ni).

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)