महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-160, verse-59

तस्मिन्महति संवृत्ते समरे भृशदारुणे ।
बभौ भूमिः प्रतिभया तदा रुधिरकर्दमा ॥५९॥

59. tasminmahati saṁvṛtte samare bhṛśadāruṇe ,
babhau bhūmiḥ pratibhayā tadā rudhirakardamā.

59. tasmin mahati saṃvṛtte samare bhṛśadāruṇe
babhau bhūmiḥ pratibhayā tadā rudhirakardamā

59. tasmin mahati bhṛśadāruṇe samare saṃvṛtte (sati)
tadā bhūmiḥ pratibhayā rudhirakardamā babhau

59. When that great, exceedingly fierce battle took place, the earth appeared terrifying then, muddy with blood.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• महति (mahati) - great, large

• संवृत्ते (saṁvṛtte) - having occurred, happened

• समरे (samare) - in the battle

• भृशदारुणे (bhṛśadāruṇe) - very terrible, exceedingly fierce

• बभौ (babhau) - it shone, appeared

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth

• प्रतिभया (pratibhayā) - terrifying, dreadful

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• रुधिरकर्दमा (rudhirakardamā) - muddy with blood, covered in blood-mud

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महति (mahati) - great, large

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

संवृत्ते (saṁvṛtte) - having occurred, happened

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃvṛtta

saṁvṛtta - occurred, happened, taken place, finished

Past Passive Participle

derived from root vṛt with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

समरे (samare) - in the battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

भृशदारुणे (bhṛśadāruṇe) - very terrible, exceedingly fierce

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhṛśadāruṇa

bhṛśadāruṇa - very terrible, exceedingly fierce, extremely dreadful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+dāruṇa)

• bhṛśa – much, strong, intense, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel
  adjective (masculine)

बभौ (babhau) - it shone, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil, land

प्रतिभया (pratibhayā) - terrifying, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pratibhaya

pratibhaya - terrifying, dreadful, formidable

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

रुधिरकर्दमा (rudhirakardamā) - muddy with blood, covered in blood-mud

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rudhirakardama

rudhirakardama - muddy with blood

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+kardama)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• kardama – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine)

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