महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-160, verse-39

तस्मिन्नुत्पतमाने च प्रचचाल वसुंधरा ।
तत्रोर्मिकलिलावर्तश्चुक्षुभे च महार्णवः ॥३९॥

39. tasminnutpatamāne ca pracacāla vasuṁdharā ,
tatrormikalilāvartaścukṣubhe ca mahārṇavaḥ.

39. tasmin utpatamāne ca pracakāla vasundharā
tatra ūrmikalilāvartaḥ cukṣubhe ca mahārṇavaḥ

39. vasundharā tasmin utpatamāne ca pracakāla
tatra ca ūrmikalilāvartaḥ mahārṇavaḥ cukṣubhe

39. As that being rose upwards, the earth trembled. And the great ocean, with its muddy waves and whirlpools, became agitated.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (being) (in that, on that, at that time, when that)

• उत्पतमाने (utpatamāne) - while (the being) was rising/soaring up (while flying up, soaring, rising)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रचकाल (pracakāla) - the earth trembled (shook, trembled, moved)

• वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth

• तत्र (tatra) - then, at that time (there, then)

• ऊर्मिकलिलावर्तः (ūrmikalilāvartaḥ) - having muddy waves and whirlpools

• चुक्षुभे (cukṣubhe) - the ocean was agitated (was agitated, became disturbed, churned)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महार्णवः (mahārṇavaḥ) - the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (being) (in that, on that, at that time, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Functions adverbially with the locative absolute construction.

उत्पतमाने (utpatamāne) - while (the being) was rising/soaring up (while flying up, soaring, rising)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of utpatamāna

utpatamāna - rising, flying up, soaring

Present Middle Participle

From root 'pat' (to fall, fly) with preverb 'ud' (up) and present middle participle suffix '-māna'.

Prefix: ud

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

प्रचकाल (pracakāla) - the earth trembled (shook, trembled, moved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-cal

Perfect Active

From root 'cal' (to move) with preverb 'pra' (forth, forward).

Prefix: pra

Root: cal (class 1)

वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vasundharā

vasundharā - the earth (literally, 'treasure-bearer')

From 'vasu' (wealth, treasure) + 'dhara' (bearing, holding).

Compound type : upapada (vasu+dhara)

• vasu – wealth, treasure, good, excellent
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting
  adjective
  From root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear) with suffix '-a'.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pracakāla'.

तत्र (tatra) - then, at that time (there, then)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverbial from 'tad' (that).

ऊर्मिकलिलावर्तः (ūrmikalilāvartaḥ) - having muddy waves and whirlpools

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ūrmikalilāvarta

ūrmikalilāvarta - having waves and muddy whirlpools, agitated with waves and dirt

From 'ūrmi' (wave) + 'kalila' (muddy, agitated) + 'āvarta' (whirlpool).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrmi+kalila+āvarta)

• ūrmi – wave, ripple
  noun (masculine)
• kalila – muddy, agitated, confused, filled with
  adjective
• āvarta – whirlpool, eddy, circle, turning
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ā' (towards) + root 'vṛt' (to turn).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mahārṇavaḥ'.

चुक्षुभे (cukṣubhe) - the ocean was agitated (was agitated, became disturbed, churned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṣubh

Perfect Middle

From root 'kṣubh' (to agitate, disturb).

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects this clause with the previous one.

महार्णवः (mahārṇavaḥ) - the great ocean

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārṇava

mahārṇava - great ocean, a sea

From 'mahā' (great) + 'arṇava' (ocean).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+arṇava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'cukṣubhe'.