महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-160, verse-41

ततः सुतुमुलं दृष्ट्वा तदद्भुतमुपस्थितम् ।
महर्षिसुरगन्धर्वानुवाचेदं पितामहः ॥४१॥

41. tataḥ sutumulaṁ dṛṣṭvā tadadbhutamupasthitam ,
maharṣisuragandharvānuvācedaṁ pitāmahaḥ.

41. tataḥ sutumulam dṛṣṭvā tat adbhutam upasthitam
maharṣisuragandharvān uvāca idam pitāmahaḥ

41. tataḥ pitāmahaḥ tat sutumulam adbhutam upasthitam
dṛṣṭvā idam maharṣisuragandharvān uvāca

41. Then, seeing that exceedingly tumultuous and astonishing manifestation, Grandfather Brahmā spoke these words to the great sages, gods, and Gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very tumultuous, extremely agitated, highly violent

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, astonishing, marvellous thing

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, appeared, manifested, stood by

• महर्षिसुरगन्धर्वान् (maharṣisuragandharvān) - to the great sages, gods, and Gandharvas

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• इदम् (idam) - this

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Grandfather Brahmā (grandfather, great sire)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

सुतुमुलम् (sutumulam) - very tumultuous, extremely agitated, highly violent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sutumula

sutumula - very tumultuous, extremely violent, greatly agitated

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tumula)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix
• tumula – tumultuous, agitated, noisy, violent
  adjective (masculine)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - wonderful, astonishing, marvellous thing

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, marvellous, supernatural

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - present, appeared, manifested, stood by

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, near, appeared, manifested, standing by

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā with prefix upa and suffix -ta

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: modifies 'adbhutam'

महर्षिसुरगन्धर्वान् (maharṣisuragandharvān) - to the great sages, gods, and Gandharvas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of maharṣisuragandharva

maharṣisuragandharva - great sages, gods, and Gandharvas

Compound type : dvandva (mahāṛṣi+sura+gandharva)

• mahāṛṣi – great sage
  noun (masculine)
• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, Gandharva
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

root vac, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Grandfather Brahmā (grandfather, great sire)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, great father; a title for Brahmā