वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-81

ततस्ते त्वरितास्तस्य राज्षसा रावणाज्ञया ।
मद्यं भक्ष्यांश्च विविधान् क्षिप्रमेवोपहारयन् ॥८१॥

81. tataste tvaritāstasya rājṣasā rāvaṇājñayā ,
madyaṃ bhakṣyāṃśca vividhān kṣipramevopahārayan.

81. ततः ते त्वरिताः तस्य राक्षसाः रावणाज्ञया मद्यम्
भक्ष्यान् च विविधान् क्षिप्रम् एव उपहारयन्

81. ततः रावणाज्ञया ते त्वरिताः राक्षसाः तस्य मद्यम्
विविधान् भक्ष्यान् च क्षिप्रम् एव उपहारयन्

81. Then, by Rāvaṇa's command, those swift rākṣasas quickly brought him liquor and various kinds of food.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (ततः) - then, thence, afterwards

• ते (ते) - those

• त्वरिताः (त्वरिताः) - hurried, quick, swift

• तस्य (तस्य) - for Kumbhakarṇa (for him, of him)

• राक्षसाः (राक्षसाः) - rākṣasas (demons, ogres)

• रावणाज्ञया (रावणाज्ञया) - by Rāvaṇa's command

• मद्यम् (मद्यम्) - liquor, intoxicating drink

• भक्ष्यान् (भक्ष्यान्) - eatables, food

• च (च) - and

• विविधान् (विविधान्) - various, manifold

• क्षिप्रम् (क्षिप्रम्) - quickly, swiftly

• एव (एव) - indeed, just, only

• उपहारयन् (उपहारयन्) - they caused to be brought, they presented

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (ततः) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

ते (ते) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the rākṣasas.

त्वरिताः (त्वरिताः) - hurried, quick, swift

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, quick, swiftly done

Past Passive Participle

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rākṣasāḥ.

तस्य (तस्य) - for Kumbhakarṇa (for him, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can be dative ('for him') or genitive ('of him'), context implies dative.

राक्षसाः (राक्षसाः) - rākṣasas (demons, ogres)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a rākṣasa (demon, ogre), belonging to rākṣasas

Note: Subject of upahārayan.

रावणाज्ञया (रावणाज्ञया) - by Rāvaṇa's command

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rāvaṇājñā

rāvaṇājñā - Rāvaṇa's command

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāvaṇa+ājñā)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ājñā – command, order
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

मद्यम् (मद्यम्) - liquor, intoxicating drink

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madya

madya - intoxicating, liquor, wine

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object of upahārayan.

भक्ष्यान् (भक्ष्यान्) - eatables, food

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhakṣya

bhakṣya - eatable, fit to be eaten, food

Gerundive

Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of upahārayan.

च (च) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects madya and bhakṣyān.

विविधान् (विविधान्) - various, manifold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Note: Qualifies bhakṣyān.

क्षिप्रम् (क्षिप्रम्) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

एव (एव) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

उपहारयन् (उपहारयन्) - they caused to be brought, they presented

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of upahāray

Imperfect Active (causative)

Form of the causative of upa-hṛ.

Prefix: upa

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: From the causative of upa-hṛ (to bring near).

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