वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-18

गन्धमाल्यांस्तथा भक्ष्यानादाय सहसा ययुः ।
तां प्रविश्य महाद्वारां सर्वतो योजनायताम् ॥१८॥

18. gandhamālyāṃstathā bhakṣyānādāya sahasā yayuḥ ,
tāṃ praviśya mahādvārāṃ sarvato yojanāyatām.

18. gandhamālyān tathā bhakṣyān ādāya sahasā yayuḥ
tām praviśya mahādvārām sarvataḥ yojanāyatām

18. Having quickly gathered fragrances, garlands, and various eatables, they proceeded. Entering that vast-doored (abode), which stretched for a yojana in every direction...

Words meanings summery:

• गन्धमाल्यान् (gandhamālyān) - fragrances and garlands

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, and

• भक्ष्यान् (bhakṣyān) - eatables, food items

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized, having brought

• सहसा (sahasā) - quickly, suddenly, forcibly

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they proceeded

• ताम् (tām) - that

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• महाद्वाराम् (mahādvārām) - great-doored, having a great gate

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere, completely

• योजनायताम् (yojanāyatām) - extending for a yojana, a yojana long

Words meanings and morphology

गन्धमाल्यान् (gandhamālyān) - fragrances and garlands

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gandhamālya

gandhamālya - perfumes and garlands

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (gandha+mālya)

• gandha – smell, fragrance, perfume
  noun (masculine)
• mālya – garland, wreath
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, also, and

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

भक्ष्यान् (bhakṣyān) - eatables, food items

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhakṣya

bhakṣya - edible, food, eatable

Gerundive

From root bhakṣ (to eat), with suffix -ya.

Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized, having brought

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dā (to give, take) with prefix ā-, and suffix -ya (after prefix).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

सहसा (sahasā) - quickly, suddenly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental of sahas (strength, force) used as an adverb.

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they went, they proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural, parasmaipada.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Also could mean 'they departed'.

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'praviśya'.

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root viś (to enter) with prefix pra-, and suffix -ya (after prefix).

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies the action of 'yayuḥ'.

महाद्वाराम् (mahādvārām) - great-doored, having a great gate

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahādvārā

mahādvārā - having a great gate/door

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose door is great'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dvāra)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• dvāra – door, gate
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'tām'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, everywhere, completely

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) with suffix -tas.

योजनायताम् (yojanāyatām) - extending for a yojana, a yojana long

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yojanāyatā

yojanāyatā - extending for a yojana, a yojana long

Compound of 'yojana' (a measure of distance) and 'āyata' (extended, long).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yojana+āyata)

• yojana – league, a measure of distance (approx. 8-10 miles)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• āyata – extended, long, stretched
  participle (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam (to restrain, extend) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tām' and 'mahādvārām'.

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