वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-48, verse-14

कुम्भकर्णः सदा शेते मूढो ग्राम्यसुखे रतः ।
रामेणाभिनिरस्तस्य संग्रामो ऽस्मिन् सुदारुणे ॥१४॥

14. kumbhakarṇaḥ sadā śete mūḍho grāmyasukhe rataḥ ,
rāmeṇābhinirastasya saṃgrāmo'smin sudāruṇe.

14. kumbhakarṇaḥ sadā śete mūḍhaḥ grāmyasukhe rataḥ
rāmeṇa abhinirastasya saṃgrāmaḥ asmin sudāruṇe

14. Kumbhakarna, deluded and absorbed in mundane pleasures, always sleeps. For the one (Rāvaṇa, implied) who has been repelled by Rāma, there is an exceedingly dreadful battle (saṃgrāma) in this (situation).

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarna (a proper name)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• शेते (śete) - he sleeps, he lies down

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded, bewildered

• ग्राम्यसुखे (grāmyasukhe) - in worldly pleasures, in mundane happiness

• रतः (rataḥ) - absorbed in, engrossed in, delighted in

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• अभिनिरस्तस्य (abhinirastasya) - for Rāvaṇa, whose forces were repelled by Rāma (for him who was repelled/driven back/thrown down)

• संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle, war, conflict

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• सुदारुणे (sudāruṇe) - in this exceedingly dreadful battle (in the exceedingly dreadful, in the very terrible)

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भकर्णः (kumbhakarṇaḥ) - Kumbhakarna (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbhakarṇa

kumbhakarṇa - Kumbhakarna (name of a rākṣasa, Rāvaṇa's brother, lit. 'pot-eared')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kumbha+karṇa)

• kumbha – pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

शेते (śete) - he sleeps, he lies down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

3rd person singular present middle

Root: śī (class 2)

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, bewildered, deluded, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'mūh'

Root: mūh (class 4)

ग्राम्यसुखे (grāmyasukhe) - in worldly pleasures, in mundane happiness

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of grāmyasukha

grāmyasukha - worldly pleasure, rural happiness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (grāmya+sukha)

• grāmya – relating to a village, rustic, worldly, common
  adjective
• sukha – pleasure, happiness, joy, ease
  noun (neuter)

रतः (rataḥ) - absorbed in, engrossed in, delighted in

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - absorbed in, devoted to, fond of, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'ram'

Root: ram (class 1)

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

अभिनिरस्तस्य (abhinirastasya) - for Rāvaṇa, whose forces were repelled by Rāma (for him who was repelled/driven back/thrown down)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abhinirasta

abhinirasta - repelled, thrown back, driven off, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'as' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'nis'

Prefixes: abhi+nis

Root: as (class 4)

संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle, war, conflict

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, fight

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he/she/it

सुदारुणे (sudāruṇe) - in this exceedingly dreadful battle (in the exceedingly dreadful, in the very terrible)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very terrible, exceedingly dreadful, fierce, cruel

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, intensely
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, harsh, severe
  adjective

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